Succession to the Malaysian thrones


Malaysia practises an elective monarchy, so there is no distinct line of succession to the Malaysian thrones. In the event where the current seat of the throne falls vacant, the Conference of Rulers meet to elect the new Yang di-Pertuan Agong from among the rulers of the nine Malay states. The deputy king does not automatically succeed the throne. The election is regulated by Article 32 of the Constitution of Malaysia.
By convention, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong has been elected by the established order of seniority of the states.

Federal throne

TurningStateRulerOn the Federal ThroneRemarks
1Negeri Sembilan

State throne

States' thrones are as follows.

Negeri Sembilan

Negeri Sembilan is unique in that it is the only State in Malaysia which practices an elective monarchy instead of a linear dynasty.
The four largest luak in Negeri Sembilan each elect an Undang, who are also the kingmakers of the State. When the position of the Yamtuan Besar falls vacant, the four Undangs will be called upon to appoint a successor among the Princes of Four. They are the Tunku Besar of Seri Menanti, the Tunku Laksamana, the Tunku Muda of Serting and the Tunku Panglima Besar. The current Yamtuan Besar is Tuanku Muhriz.

Selangor

Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah
  • * Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah
  • ** ' Tengku Amir Shah, Raja Muda, the Crown Prince
  • * ' Tengku Sulaiman Shah, Tengku Laksamana
  • ** ' Tengku Shakirinal Sulaiman Shah
  • *** ' Tengku Mahmood Shakirinal Shah
  • *** ' Tengku Sulaiman Shakirinal Shah
  • *** ' Tengku Abdulaziz Shakirinal Shah
  • ** ' Tengku Salehuddin Sulaiman Shah, Tengku Indera Bijaya Diraja
  • *** ' Tengku Ibrahim Salehuddin Shah
  • ** ' Tengku Shahrain Sulaiman Shah
  • ** ' Tengku Shariffuddin Sulaiman Shah
  • * ' Tengku Abdul Samad Shah, Tengku Panglima Besar
  • ** ' Tengku Musahiddin Shah, Tengku Seri Perkasa Diraja
  • * ' Tengku Ahmad Shah, Tengku Panglima Raja
  • ** ' Tengku Alam Shah Ammiruddin

Perlis

Tuanku Syed Putra
  • * Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin
  • ** ' Tuanku Syed Faizuddin Putra, Raja Muda, the Crown Prince
  • *** ' Syed Sirajuddin Areeb Putra
  • * ' Syed Badaruddin, Tengku Sharif Bendahara
  • ** ' Syed Mashafuddin
  • * ' Syed Amir Zainal Abidin, Tengku Sharif Temenggong
  • ** ' Syed Budriz Putra, Engku Maharaja Lela Setia Paduka of Selangor
  • *** ' Syed Aqil Harrith
  • * ' Syed Razlan, Tengku Sharif Laksamana
  • ** ' Syed Muhammad Hazrain
  • *** ' Syed Hazriq
  • *** ' Syed Hazriv
  • ** ' Syed Muhammad Hafiz
  • * ' Syed Zainol Anwar, Tengku Sharif Panglima
  • ** ' Syed Haizam Hishamuddin Putra, Engku Panglima Setia Diraja of Selangor
  • *** ' Syed Azlan Salahuddin Putra
  • ** ' Syed Jufri Dhiauddin Putra
  • *** ' Syed Ayden Husain Mateen Aziz Putra
  • * ' Syed Zainal Rashid
  • * ' Syed Azni
  • ** ' Syed Fariz Naqiuddin
  • ** ' Syed Haniff Iskandar
  • * ' Syed Badlishah
  • ** ' Syed Fezriq
  • ** ' Syed Felsham
  • ** Syed Fernash

Terengganu

Sultan Mahmud al-Muktafi billah Shah
  • * Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin
  • ** ' Tengku Muhammad Ismail, Yang di-Pertuan Muda, the Crown Prince
  • ** ' Tengku Muhammad Mua’az, Tengku Sri Setia Mahkota Raja
  • * ' Tengku Mustafa Kamil, Tengku Sri Bendahara Raja
  • ** ' Tengku Sharif Mahmud
  • ** ' Tengku Daniel Haqim
  • ** ' Tengku Nabil al-Muktafi
  • * ' Tengku Badrul Zaman, Tengku Sri Panglima Raja
  • ** ' Tengku Muhammad Ryan Faiz
  • ** ' Tengku Reyad Feysal
  • * ' Tengku Badrulhisham Baharuddin, Tengku Sri Temenggung Raja
  • ** ' Tengku Muhammad Ashman
  • ** ' Tengku Muhammad Ariesh
  • ** ' Tengku Muhammad Ozaer
  • ** ' Tengku Muhammad Adreez
  • ** Tengku Muhammad Mahmud Akbar Nasreddine Haqqani

Kedah

Sultan Badlishah

Kelantan

Sultan Ismail Petra

Pahang

Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Musta'in Billah

Johor

Sultan Iskandar

Perak

In contrast to the other Malaysian sultanates, the ruling dynasty of Perak utilizes a somewhat complex order of succession.
The reigning Sultan appoints princes in the male line of descent from a Sultan to certain high princely titles. They are arranged in a strict order of precedence indicating the order of succession to the throne. As per a ruling of 25 February 1953, the present hierarchy of titles and the corresponding order of succession is as follows:
  1. Raja Muda
  2. Raja Di-Hilir
  3. Raja Kecil Besar
  4. Raja Kecil Sulong
  5. Raja Kecil Tengah
  6. Raja Kecil Bongsu
While titleholders are usually appointed for life, titles may be revoked in cases of proven incompetence or disability. On the death or promotion of an existing titleholder, the holder of the next most senior title succeeds him. The Raja Muda is the heir apparent, and succeeds the ruling sultan on his demise, whereupon the prince holding the title of Raja Di-Hilir becomes the new Raja Muda. The Raja Kechil Besar then becomes the Raja Di-Hilir. The new Sultan may then appoint his own nominee to the junior-most title made vacant by these successions. Sultan Ahmad ud-din Shah