Styloglossus


The styloglossus muscle is a bilaterally paired muscle of the tongue. It originates at the styloid process of the temporal bone. It inserts onto the side of the tongue. It acts to elevate and retract the tongue. It is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve.

Anatomy

The styloglossus muscle is the shortest and smallest of the three styloid muscles.

Origin

It arises from the styloid process of the temporal bone near its apex, and from the stylomandibular ligament.

Course and relations

It passes anterioinferiorly from its origin to its insertion between the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery, and between the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle.

Insertion

It divides upon the side of the tongue near the dorsal surface of the tongue, blending with the fibers of the longitudinalis inferior muscle anterior to the hyoglossus muscle.

Innervation

The styloglossus is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve .

Function

The styloglossus draws up the sides of the tongue to create a trough for swallowing. Acting bilaterally they also aid in retracting the tongue.

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