Street running train
A street running 'train is a train which runs on a track built on public streets. The rails are embedded in the roadway, and the train shares the street with other users, such as pedestrians, cars and cyclists, thus often being referred to as running in mixed traffic'. Tram and light rail systems frequently run on streets, with light rail lines typically separated from other traffic.
For safety, street running trains travel more slowly than trains on dedicated rights-of-way. Needing to share the right-of-way with motor vehicles can cause delays and pose a safety risk.
Stations on such routes are rare and may appear similar in style to a tram stop, but often lack platforms, pedestrian islands, or other amenities. In some cases, passengers may be required to wait on a distant sidewalk, and then board or disembark by crossing the traffic.
Examples
The following list is non-inclusive of tram and light rail systems and is otherwise non-exhaustive.Argentina
- Buenos Aires: in the past street-running trains ran through the city streets.
- * Trains run by Villa 21-24
Australia
Operational instances:- Maryborough, Queensland: Kent Street 610mm gauge
- Mossman, Queensland: A narrow-gauge sugar-cane railway runs down Mill Street.
- Rockhampton, Queensland: The North Coast main line runs down Denison Street, double track line singled in 1996.
- Wycheproof, Victoria: The Sea Lake railway line runs down the wide median strip of the town's main street.
- Nambour, Queensland: The Moreton Central Sugar Mill Cane Tramway ran down Mill Street, was also street running on a bridge at Bli Bli, closed 2003. The rails in the street remained in place and a tourist tram is planned on it.
- Port Pirie, South Australia: The Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line ran down the centre of Ellen Street until 1967.
- Yass, New South Wales: The Yass Tramway from Yass Junction to Yass Town ran down Dutton Street, closed 1988. The route is no longer connected, but the tracks in Dutton street and by the station are still present and are on the heritage list.
Canada
Notable examples in Canada include:- Port Hope, Ontario: from Walton Street, along Ontario street to the Ganaraska River, where it split off and followed the river north out of the city limits, eventually reaching Midland, Ontario with a branch line to Peterborough, Ontario. Lots of railway facilities still exist, the old station, now Furby's books and lent travel are opposite the corner of Walton street and Ontario, with the old station masters office just south of that along lent lane, which is the old track bed, and the Ganaraska Hotel, which is the old Railway Hostel.
- Oshawa, Ontario: from Michael Starr trail along Bruce street, east to Ritson road, then north on Ritson road to the GM North Plant.
- Brantford, Ontario: Clarence Street
- Guelph, Ontario :
- * Kent Street, CNR, still in use
- St. Catharines, Ontario:
- * Ontario Street
- * Louisa Street
- * Welland Avenue
- * Raymond Street
- * Niagara Street
- * Facer Street
- * Electric interurban network to Port Dalhousie-west, Port Dalhousie-east, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Port Colborne, and Niagara Falls. All tracks on the streets are removed in all places, except Pine Street in Thorold. Freight trains with diesel engines on the streets only from 1959 to the closing in about 2005.
- * St. Catharines was the center of the Niagara St. Catharines Toronto Railway.
- Waterloo, Ontario:
- * Caroline Street The former railway is now a trail - path.
Croatia
- Rijeka, freight trains run from western to eastern cargo terminal of Port of Rijeka through the city centre.
Czechia
- Brno: the railway line that connects Brno Exhibition Centre and mainline runs about. along Poříčí street. Touristic trains run on the Highway, with police escorts. Line was abandoned in 2022.
Germany
For tramways the legal separation of a street running trackbed and an exclusive trackbed in urban traffic is given in § 16 BOStrab tramway regulations. Germany has some street-running railways:Image:Bad Doberan Molli 2006-09-24.JPG|thumb|right|A "Mollibahn" train running through Bad Doberan, Germany
- A freight branch of the Main-Neckar Railway features some street running sections in Darmstadt. The line is no longer in regular use, but a short dual gauge section was until 2015 connected to the metre gauge Darmstadt tram network allowed old trams to be loaded onto mainline vehicles for export.
- The access track that connects the mainline to Bombardier factory in Bautzen passes through a short section of street running at Fabrikstrasse.
Hong Kong
The KCR British Section had two street running stretches: a spur line to Whampoa Dockyard through, another across Salisbury Road and Canton Road to the Kowloon Godowns.Indonesia
Historically, Indonesia used to have many street running lines. Those were mostly found on the rural tramlines in Java. The former network of smaller railway companies, such as Samarang–Joana Stoomtram Maatschappij, Oost-Java Stoomtram Maatschappij, Serajoedal Stoomtram Maatschappij, or rural branchline of the major company like Staatsspoorwegen were often built next to the main road to save cost and later became street running when the road widened.By the late 1970s, the majority of them were closed. The last of the classic street running line that saw operation was the Madiun-Ponorogo branchline which closed around 1984.
Only three of them survive in the present day:
- Madiun, East Java. The Pertamina branch line which passes the Jalan Yos Sudarso in front of INKA factory. The line branched off to the west of Madiun railway station, where the train need to reverse to its destination 500 meters down the road.
- Malang, East Java. The Pertamina branch line which diverges from Malang Kotalama station. The short street running section runs to the east of Jalan Halmahera, between the junction with Jalan Tanimbar and Jalan Bingkil.
- Surakarta, Central Java: The Solo Purwosari to Wonogiri line runs along Jalan Slamet Riyadi through the center of Surakarta. The Batara Kresna Railbus service between Solo Purwosari and Wonogiri, operates along the line, with two trips in each direction. A special charter-only tourist steam train called the Sepur Kluthuk Jaladara also runs along this stretch of the line between Solo Purwosari and Solo Kota stations.
Ireland
- Cork City Railways from 1911 had street-running goods trains between Albert Quay station and Glanmire Road station, authorised by the Local and personal [acts of Parliament (United Kingdom)|local act of Parliament] incorporating the railway. The stations were on opposite sides of the River Lee, which the railway crossed via two bridges shared with road traffic. The rail speed limit was. The line was closed in 1976 because of the increase in road traffic.
Japan
- The Keihan Keishin, Enoden Enoshima, and Ishiyama-Sakamoto lines have street running sections.
Laos
- The rail link across the Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge over the Mekong River between Thailand and Laos is shared-use, although road traffic stops while trains cross the bridge.
New Zealand
- Kawakawa : The Bay of Islands Vintage Railway, part of the former Opua Branch of the New Zealand Railways, runs down the middle of State Highway 1 in the centre of Kawakawa.
- Hindon : The Taieri Gorge Railway, part of the former Otago Central Railway runs down the middle of a one lane road bridge in Hindon. These tourist passenger trains have the right of way, with only signs warning motorists of trains.
Poland
- The Port of Kołobrzeg has railway access through approximately 750 meters of street-running tracks. The route sees semi-regular freight traffic, along with a yearly passenger excursion.
Switzerland
Swiss law does not distinguish between trams and railways, making the distinction between street running by trams and that by railways legally indistinct. In many places, passenger trains run on the streets because there is no room for their own track.- Zürich : grain trains make up to 4 journeys a day between Bahnhof Hardbrücke and the Swissmill Tower on Sihlquai, following a route along Zahnradstrasse, Hardstrasse and Zöllystrasse, including a tram crossing. The driver controls traffic lights manually.
United Kingdom
Street running railways have been much rarer in the United Kingdom than elsewhere. This is due to 19th-century laws requiring railways to be enclosed by fences, which had the consequence that railways could not be built along existing roads and had to use their own rights of way. In cases where street running was unavoidable, the roads were often legally treated as level crossings with trains and road vehicles not permitted to use them at the same time. Some examples are:- Weymouth: The most notable street running track was the Weymouth Harbour Tramway ; however this ended service to regular traffic since 1987, and to all traffic since 1999, with track removal starting in 2020.
- Porthmadog: The Porthmadog cross town link links the narrow-gauge Welsh Highland and Ffestiniog railways and includes 50 metres of street running over the Britannia Bridge in Porthmadog. The section that runs along a street is closed to road traffic by alternating red stop lights, as if it were an extended level crossing.
- Trafford Park: The Trafford Park Railway was A freight-only street-running railway network was through Trafford Park; only one section alongside Barton Dock Road has seen use in recent years. This branch is abandoned and partially removed.
- Preston: The heritage Ribble Steam Railway runs across a swing bridge at the entrance to Preston Marina. The bridge is used by both road and rail traffic, but closed by barriers to road traffic when a train is crossing.
- Fivemiletown and Caledon, County Tyrone in Northern Ireland: the narrow gauge Clogher Valley Railway had street running through both of these villages.
United States
A selection of the many examples:Alabama
- Gadsden
- * Locust Street, between N1 Street and N6 Street.
Alaska
- Anton Anderson Memorial Tunnel: A one-lane tunnel that must be shared by cars and trains.
- Skagway: Unofficial government allows railroad tracks up Broadway in 1898. They were shifted in 1947.
California
- Anaheim
- * Santa Ana Street — Union Pacific Santa Ana Branch
- Oakland
- * Embarcadero West, Union Pacific Niles Subdivision between Martin Luther King Jr. Way and Webster Street; the only double street running train track in the USA; the only Amtrak street running trackage in the USA; freight trains also run here; third track is no longer in use.
Colorado
- Fort Collins
- * Mason Street. This railway opened in 1877, but 100 years later the city wanted the line around the city. It almost worked. But the train now has a free lane in the street. One train can be 5 km. long, waiting times for other traffic can be up to 30 minutes, and each train must use the horn more than 40 times within three minutes
Florida
- Clearwater
- * N East Ave.
- Tampa
- * E Polk street.
Illinois
- Rockford
- * Madison Street.
Indiana
- Terre Haute - 1st Street CSX
- Elwood
- *4 blocks of C Street Norfolk Southern
- Warsaw
- *2 blocks of Hickory Street Norfolk Southern
Iowa
Kentucky
- La Grange
- * Main Street - Oldham County Courthouse Square - CSX mainline
Louisiana
- Gretna
- * Madison Street.
Massachusetts
- Boston
- * Union Freight Railroad, running along Atlantic Avenue
- Holyoke
- * Holyoke and Westfield Railroad, branch running along Water Street in use, other lines demolished or separated.
Minnesota
- International Falls
- * Fort Frances–International Falls International Bridge, connecting to Fort Frances, Ontario Canada. There is no connection to the Canadian rail network through this bridge. No more trains to cross the bridge since the paper mill closed in 2014. The municipality is still hoping to be taken over by another company.
- Shakopee
- *2nd Avenue East and West, Union Pacific Railroad main line of the Mankato Subdivision still in use, former Chicago and Northwestern Railway
Missouri
- St. Louis - 2nd Street Manufacturers Railway
New Jersey
- Garfield
- * Monroe Street. Abandoned in 2020.
New York
- Utica
- * Schuyler Street, operated by the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway.
North Carolina
- Gastonia
- * South Broad Street
- Fayetteville - Hillsboro St.
Oregon
Pennsylvania
- Erie
- * East 19th. Street. Secretly laid in 1882, abandoned in 2001
- Uniontown
- * Beeson Blvd from West Penn St. to Library Pl. - Southwest Pennsylvania Railroad, trackage abandoned 2016)
- West Brownsville
- * Main Street.
Tennessee
- Paris
- * N Fentress St.-S Caldwell-McNeil St.
Texas
- San Antonio
- * N Comal St. - San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway, then SP, then UP. Removed and bypassed in 2005.
- * Jones Ave. and Emma Koehler - Texas Transportation Company, electric trolley freight railway, most tracks removed 2002.
Virginia
- Richmond
- * On a street without a name under the Triple Railroad Bridge Crossing.
Washington
West Virginia
- Saint Marys
- * 2nd. Street.
Vietnam
While the Vietnamese railway network has many level crossings, street running trains in Vietnam are rare.One example is the branch line between Dĩ An station and Dĩ An train workshop, which has a few street running sections in small neighborhoods. The rails in these sections are embedded in roads that are normally used by local pedestrians and mopeds.