Spirifer
Spirifer is a genus of marine brachiopods belonging to the order Spiriferida and family Spiriferidae. Species belonging to the genus lived in the Carboniferous.
This genus used to be treated more widely, so less critical sources list its species from the Middle Ordovician through to the Late Triassic with a global distribution.
Like most brachiopods, representatives of Spirifer were stationary epifaunal suspension feeders.
Selected species
Spirifer acutiplicatus Hayasaka, 1933Spirifer bambadhurensis Diener, 1903Spirifer baschkirica Tschernyschew, 1902Spirifer battu Gemmellaro, 1899Spirifer byrangi Chernyak, 1963Spirifer carnicus Schellwien, 1892Spirifer concentricus Lee and Su, 1980Spirifer distefanii Gemmellaro, 1899Spirifer dvinaensis Licharew, 1927Spirifer enderlei Tschernyschew, 1902Spirifer engelgardthi Chernyak, 1963Spirifer fritschi Schellwien, 1892Spirifer holodnensis Chernyak, 1963Spirifer lirellus Cvancara, 1958Spirifer malistanensis Plodowski, 1968Spirifer muensteri Suess, 1854Spirifer opimus Hall, 1858Spirifer pentagonoides Plodowski, 1968Spirifer pentlandi d'Orbigny, 1842Spirifer perlamellosus Hall, 1857Spirifer piassinaensis Chernyak, 1963Spirifer postventricosus Tschernyschew, 1902Spirifer pseudotasmaniensis Einor, 1939Spirifer rakuszi Einor, 1946Spirifer rockymontanus Marcou, 1858Spirifer schellwieni Tschernyschew, 1902Spirifer siculus Gemmellaro, 1899Spirifer spitiensis Stoliczka, 1865Spirifer strangwaysi De Verneuil, 1845Spirifer striatus Martin, 1809Spirifer subgrandiformis Plodowski, 1968Spirifer subtrigonalis Gemmellaro, 1899Spirifer supracarbonicus Tschernyschew, 1902Spirifer supramosquensis Nikitin, 1890Spirifer tareiaensis Einor, 1939Spirifer tegulatus Trautschold, 1876Spirifer undata Reed, 1944Spirifer uralicus Tschernyschew, 1902Spirifer zitteli Schellwien, 1892
Reassigned species
As Spirifer has been described early on, since then, many species have been reassigned.S. archiaciformis = Sinospirifer subextensusS. bisulcatus = Angiospirifer bisulcatusS. chinensis mut. α = Sinospirifer subextensusS. gortanioides = Plicapustula gortanioides S. hayasakai = Lamarckispirifer hayasakaiS. heterosinosus = Sinospirifer subextensusS. martellii = Plicapustula martelliiS. pekinensis = Plicapustula pekinensisS. pellizzarii = Sinospirifer subextensus S. pellizzariformis = Sinospirifer subextensus S. pinguis = Latibrachythyris pinguisS. rotundatus = Latibrachythyris rotundatus S. subhayasakai = Sinospirifer subextensusS. verneuili = Cyrtospirifer verneuiliS. verneuili var. subarchiaci = Plicapustula subarchiaciS. verneuili var. subextensus = Sinospirifer subextensusS. vilis = Sinospirifer subextensusS. wangleighi = Sinospirifer subextensusS. yassensis = ''Spinella yassensis''