Sphere-world
The idea of a sphere-world was constructed by French mathematician Henri Poincaré who, while pursuing his argument for conventionalism, offered a thought experiment about a sphere with strange properties.
The concept
Poincaré asks us to imagine a sphere of radius R. The temperature of the sphere decreases from its maximum at the center to absolute zero at its extremity such that a body’s temperature at a distance r from the center is proportional to.In addition, all bodies have the same coefficient of [thermal expansion|coefficient of dilatation] so every body shrinks and expands in similar proportion as they move about the sphere. To finish the story, Poincaré states that the index of refraction will also vary with the distance r, in inverse proportion to.
How will this world look to inhabitants of this sphere?
In many ways it will look normal. Bodies will remain intact upon transfer from place to place, as well as seeming to remain the same size. The geometry, on the other hand, would seem quite different. Supposing the inhabitants were to view rods believed to be rigid, or measure distance with light rays. They would find that a geodesic is not a straight line, and that the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its radius is greater than.
These inhabitants would in fact determine that their universe is not ruled by Euclidean geometry, but instead by hyperbolic geometry.