Copa del Rey
The Campeonato de España–Copa de Su Majestad el Rey, commonly known as Copa del Rey, La Copa or the Spanish Cup or King's Cup, and formerly known as Copa del Presidente de la República and Copa del Generalísimo, is an annual knockout football competition in Spanish football, organized by the Royal Spanish Football Federation.
The competition was founded in 1903, making it the oldest Spanish football competition played at a national level. Copa del Rey winners qualify for the following season's UEFA Europa League. If they have already qualified for Europe through their league position, the Europa League spot is given to the highest-placed team in the league who has not yet qualified.
Barcelona is the most successful club in the competition, having won 32 titles. Athletic Bilbao has the second-most wins with 24, while Real Madrid is third with 20. Barcelona is also the most recent winner, having defeated rivals Real Madrid in the 2025 final held at the Estadio de La Cartuja.
History
In 1902, a competition under the name Copa de la Coronación was played after Juan de Astorquia, President of Bilbao Football Club, and Carlos Padrós, later president of Real Madrid, suggested a football tournament to celebrate the coronation of Spanish King Alfonso XIII. Four other teams joined Madrid FC for the competition: FC Barcelona, Club Español de Foot-Ball, New Foot-Ball de Madrid and Club Bizcaya, which eventually defeated Barcelona in the final. That cup is on display in the Athletic Bilbao museum and the club includes the victory as the first of its Copa del Rey wins, but the Royal Spanish Football Federation officially does not recognise it as such, only considering it to be the forerunner of the Copa del Rey.The Copa del Rey was effectively Spain's national football championship from 1903 until the foundation of the Campeonato de Liga—League Championship —in 1928. It was initially known as the Copa del Ayuntamiento de Madrid. Between 1905 and 1932, it was known as the Copa de Su Majestad El Rey Alfonso XIII. During the Second Spanish Republic, it was known as the Copa del Presidente de la República or Copa de España and during the years of Francisco Franco's Spanish State, it was known as the Copa de Su Excelencia El Generalísimo or Copa del Generalísimo.
Athletic Bilbao were declared winners in 1904 after their opponents Español de Madrid failed to show up. Between 1903 and 1909 the competition was organized by Madrid FC or by the Madrid Federation. Afterwards, it was taken over by the FECF, a forerunner of the RFEF. However, in both 1910 and 1913 there was a split among the clubs and two parallel competitions were held, one organized by the FECF and the other by the UECF. All these editions are officially recognized by the RFEF. In 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, clubs in the Republican area of Spain entered the Copa de la España Libre, with Levante FC beating their city rivals Valencia 1–0 in the final. Although in 2007 the Congress of Deputies urged the Royal Spanish Football Federation to recognise it as a Copa del Rey win for Levante, for several years the governing body of Spanish football made no decision on the matter. On 25 March 2023, the tournament was officially recognized by the RFEF, but not as a Copa del Rey.
Because of the dispute regarding the 1902 competition, the statistics regarding the leading winners are also disputed. Barcelona have won the Copa 32 times; Athletic Bilbao are in second place, with either 24 or 25 titles, depending on the source.
Before the formation of La Liga in 1929, the competition was in essence a national championship. Teams qualified to enter via their regional leagues. Over the years, various formats, including group stages have been used. Reserve teams of the professional clubs, who compete in lower divisions of the league pyramid, were permitted to take part until 1990. For a number of years, only teams from the Primera División, Segunda A, about 23 teams from the Segunda B and the 17 Tercera División champions were invited to enter, giving a total of 83. Amended rules for the 2019–20 edition led to the number of entrants increasing to 125, including winners of the regional divisions at the fifth level.
Since the format overhaul, all rounds are single-leg ties with lower division teams hosting the match and the majority of the top-level clubs entering at the first Round, other than the semi-final stage which is played over two legs. This is another change introduced in 2019–20, with prior editions involving two legs from the point at which the top-tier clubs entered in the fourth round. Athletic Bilbao particularly embraced the new format, winning a total of 22 single-leg ties to reach the two-legged semi-finals in each of its first five seasons before losing to Osasuna in the 2024–25 Round of 16. The final is a one-off game played at a neutral venue, with Seville becoming the regular home.
The winners qualify for both the following season's Supercopa de España and UEFA Europa League; in the past, the runners-up often played in the Supercopa if the winners had also finished as league champions. From the 2019–20 Supercopa de España edition onwards, the previous Copa del Rey runners-up automatically qualify in addition to the winners with four teams taking part in the event.
Throughout the history of the competition, there have been 12 actual trophies, which were permanently awarded to clubs for winning the competition either three times in a row or on five separate occasions, and for other special reasons. Thus, five trophies have been permanently awarded to Barcelona, three to Athletic Bilbao and one to Real Madrid. Athletic kept the first trophy as inaugural winners, Sevilla were awarded the Trofeo del Generalísimo after its first edition in 1939 and Atlético Madrid, winners the previous year, were awarded the 11th trophy following the death of Francisco Franco in 1976.
On 22 December 2010, at an extraordinary general meeting of the Royal Spanish Football Federation, Sevilla requested permission from the Federation to keep the trophy they had won in the 2010 final to commemorate the victory of the Spain national team at the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. A new trophy was made by Madrid jeweler Federico Alegre. The trophy, made of silver, weighs and is tall. On 21 April 2011, Real Madrid became the first recipients. During the post-game celebrations, the trophy was accidentally dropped by Real Madrid player Sergio Ramos from the top of a double-decker bus, which then ran over it. Ten pieces were found by civil servicemen when they recovered it from the ground at Plaza de Cibeles. The club received a copy which is displayed at Santiago Bernabéu.
The new presidency of Luis Rubiales initiated profound restructuring within the Federation. These changes impacted competitions organized by the organization, specifically the Copa del Rey and the Supercopa de España. Both were reformed with new formats designed to increase competitiveness and attractiveness. In the case of the Supercopa, the changes had a reciprocal effect; the Copa champion and runner-up were included alongside the league championship's top two finishers, creating a four-team competition. Beginning with the 2019–20 edition, the cup championship introduced a significant change: the designation of a fixed venue for the final; the Estadio de La Cartuja in Seville was chosen to host the final for a four-year period.
Performances
Official winners list provided by the RFEF, as of 7 April 2024.| Rank | Club | Winners | Finalists | Seasons | |
| 1 | Barcelona | 32 | 11 | 43 | 1909–10, 1911–12, 1912–13, 1918–19, 1919–20, 1922, 1925, 1926, 1928, 1931–32, 1935–36, 1942, 1951, 1952, 1952–53, 1953–54, 1957, 1958–59, 1962–63, 1967–68, 1970–71, 1973–74, 1977–78, 1980–81, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1985–86, 1987–88, 1989–90, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1997–98, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2024–25 |
| 2 | Athletic Bilbao | 24 | 16 | 40 | 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1910, 1911, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1920, 1921, 1923, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1944–45, 1948–49, 1949–50, 1952–53, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1969, 1972–73, 1976–77, 1983–84, 1984–85, 2008–09, 2011–12, 2014–15, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2023–24 |
| 3 | Real Madrid | 20 | 21 | 41 | 1903, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1924, 1928–29, 1930, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1940, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1958, 1959–60, 1960–61, 1961–62, 1967–68, 1969–70, 1973–74, 1974–75, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1991–92, 1992–93, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2010–11, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2022–23, 2024–25 |
| 4 | Atlético Madrid | 10 | 9 | 19 | 1920–21, 1925–26, 1955–1956, 1959–60, 1960–61, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1971–72, 1974–75, 1975–76. 1984–85, 1986–87, 1990–91, 1991–92, 1995–96, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2009–10, 2012–13 |
| 5 | Valencia | 8 | 10 | 18 | 1934, 1941, 1944, 1944–45, 1946, 1948–49, 1952, 1954, 1966–67, 1969–70, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1978–79, 1994–95, 1998–99, 2007–08, 2018–19, 2021–22 |
| 6 | Zaragoza | 6 | 5 | 11 | 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1965–66, 1975–76, 1985–86, 1992–93, 1993–94, 2000–01, 2003–04, 2005–06 |
| 7 | Sevilla | 5 | 4 | 9 | 1935, 1939, 1947–48, 1955, 1961–62, 2006–07, 2009–10, 2015–16, 2017–18 |
| 8 | Espanyol | 4 | 5 | 9 | 1911, 1915, 1929, 1940, 1941, 1947, 1957, 1999–2000, 2005–06 |
| 9 | Real Betis | 3 | 2 | 5 | 1931, 1976–77, 1996–97, 2004–05, 2021–22 |
| 9 | Real Unión | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1918, 1922, 1924, 1927 |
| 11 | Real Sociedad | 2 | 4 | 6 | 1913, 1928, 1951, 1986–87, 1987–88, 2019–20 |
| 11 | Deportivo La Coruña | 2 | – | 2 | 1994–95, 2001–02 |
| 13 | Arenas | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1917, 1919, 1925, 1927 |
| 13 | Mallorca | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1990–91, 1997–98, 2002–03, 2023–24 |
| 13 | Club Ciclista de San Sebastián | 1 | – | 1 | 1909 |
| 13 | Racing Club de Irún | 1 | – | 1 | 1913 |
| 17 | Español de Madrid | – | 3 | 3 | 1904, 1909, 1910 |
| 17 | Celta Vigo | – | 3 | 3 | 1947–48, 1993–94, 2000–01 |
| 17 | Sporting Gijón | – | 2 | 2 | 1981, 1982 |
| 17 | Real Valladolid | – | 2 | 2 | 1949–50, 1988–89 |
| 17 | Getafe | – | 2 | 2 | 2006–07, 2007–08 |
| 17 | Osasuna | – | 2 | 2 | 2004–05, 2022–23 |
| 17 | Bizcaya | – | 1 | 1 | 1907 |
| 17 | Real Vigo Sporting | – | 1 | 1 | 1908 |
| 17 | Vasconia Sporting Club | – | 1 | 1 | 1910 |
| 17 | Gimnástica | – | 1 | 1 | 1912 |
| 17 | FC Espanya de Barcelona| | – | 1 | 1 | 1914 |
| 17 | CE Europa | – | 1 | 1 | 1923 |
| 17 | Sabadell | – | 1 | 1 | 1935 |
| 17 | Racing de Ferrol | – | 1 | 1 | 1938–39 |
| 17 | Granada | – | 1 | 1 | 1958–59 |
| 17 | Elche | – | 1 | 1 | 1969 |
| 17 | Castellón | – | 1 | 1 | 1972–73 |
| 17 | Las Palmas | – | 1 | 1 | 1977–78 |
| 17 | – | 1 | 1 | 1979–80 | |
| 17 | Recreativo | – | 1 | 1 | 2002–03 |
| 17 | Alavés | – | 1 | 1 | 2016–17 |
‡ Real Madrid's reserve team. Reserve teams have been banned from this competition from 1990–91 onward.
‡‡ The number of wins Athletic Bilbao have been credited with is disputed. The 1902 version was won by Bizcaya, a team made up of players from Athletic Bilbao and Bilbao FC. In 1903 these two clubs merged as the current Athletic Bilbao. The 1902 cup is on display in the Athletic museum and the club includes it in its own honors list. However, that edition is not recognized as official by the RFEF.
Clubs in italic no longer exist. Seasons in bold indicate winners, whilst season in italic are losing finalists.