Spain at the Olympics
Spain first participated at the Olympic Games in 1900, and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games since 1920. Spain has also participated in every Winter Olympic Games since 1936. Its team is organised by the Spanish Olympic Committee created in 1924.
Spain withdrew from the 1936 Summer Olympics in Nazi Germany because of the Civil War, and also boycotted the 1956 Games in Melbourne because of the Soviet Union's invasion of Hungary. The equestrian events in 1956 were held five months earlier in Stockholm, and Spain did participate in those events.
Spain hosted the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.
Spanish athletes have won a total of 192 medals in 33 different sports as of 2024 and the country currently ranks 25th in the all-time Summer Olympics medal count, with canoeing as the top medal-producing sport and sailing as the top gold medal-producing sport. Five of those medals were won at the Winter Games.
The COE counts one medal more than the IOC because they recognized one won by Pedro José Pidal y Bernaldo de Quirós in live pigeon shooting in the 1900 Summer Olympics, while the IOC doesn't recognize the event as an official one as the winners were given a money award.
Hosted Games
Spain has hosted the Games once.| Games | Host city | Dates | Nations | Participants | Events |
| 1992 Summer Olympics | Barcelona | 25 July – 9 August | 169 | 9,356 | 257 |
List of medalists
Summer Olympics
Winter Olympics
Spanish athletes with most Olympic medals
Only Spanish athletes who achieved 3 or more medals or 2 gold medals are included in the following table.| No. | Athlete | Sport | Gender | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Saúl Craviotto | M | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 | |
| 2 | Joan Llaneras | M | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
| 3 | Gervasio Deferr | M | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | |
| 4 | Luis Doreste | M | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| 4 | Rafael Nadal | M | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| 6 | Theresa Zabell | F | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
| 7 | David Cal | M | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| 8 | Mireia Belmonte | F | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | |
| 9 | Anni Espar | F | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | |
| 9 | Laura Ester | F | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | |
| 9 | Maica García Godoy | F | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | |
| 9 | Pili Peña | F | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | |
| 13 | Maialen Chourraut | F | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| 13 | Marcus Cooper | M | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| 13 | Lydia Valentín | F | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| 16 | Andrea Fuentes | F | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | |
| 17 | Arantxa Sánchez Vicario | F | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 | |
| 18 | José Manuel Calderón | M | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| 18 | Rudy Fernández | M | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| 18 | Pau Gasol | M | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| 18 | Herminio Menéndez | M | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| 18 | Conchita Martínez | F | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| 18 | Juan Carlos Navarro | M | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| 18 | Felipe Reyes | M | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
| 25 | Demetrio Lozano | M | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
Summary by sport
Athletics
| Event | No. of appearances | First appearance | First medal | First gold medal | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Best finish |
| Men's 1500 metres | 16/30 | 1920 | 1984 | 1992 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| Men's 110 hurdles | 13/30 | 1948 | 2016 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Men's 20 km walk | 12/18 | 1980 | 1992 | 1992 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| Men's 50 km walk | 13/20 | 1948 | 1980 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Men's pole vault | 10/30 | 1928 | 1992 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Men's shot put | 8/30 | 1920 | 2004 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Men's long jump | 17/30 | 1928 | 2004 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Men's decathlon | 9/26 | 1988 | 1992 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Women's 20 km walk | 7/7 | 2000 | 2000 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Women's high jump | 6/23 | 1984 | 2012 | 2016 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
| Women's triple jump | 8/8 | 1996 | 2020 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Mixed marathon walk relay | 1/1 | 2024 | 2024 | 2024 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Basketball
| Event | No. of appearances | First appearance | First medal | First gold medal | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total | Best finish |
| Men's 5-on-5 tournament | 13/20 | 1960 | 1984 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 | ||
| Women's 5-on-5 tournament | 5/12 | 1992 | 2016 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Men's 3x3 tournament | 0/2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| Women's 3x3 tournament | 1/2 | 2024 | 2024 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Basque pelota
Spain is credited with a gold medal in the only appearance of basque pelota as a medal sport at the Olympics in 1900, though the French team withdrew shortly before the competition started and so no competition was held.| Games | Players | Events | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1900 Paris | 2 | 1/1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Boxing
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 Canoeing
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