Winter campaign of 1941–1942
The winter campaign of 1941–1942 was the name given by Soviet military command to the period from 5 December 1941 to 7 May 1942 that marked the commencement of Soviet counter-offensives following the Operation Barbarossa. The campaign began with the Moscow Strategic Offensive Operation with the simultaneous Kerch-Feodosia Amphibious Operation. Although the Red Army counter-offensives forced the German army into the retreat and led to the recapture of important sites such as Tikhvin, Klin and Rostov in December 1941, the Red Army mostly failed to encircle the German units there and Germans managed avoid to significant casualties.
The operations in central and northern European Russia began with the conclusion of the Moscow counter-offensive almost simultaneously with the Oboyan–Kursk Offensive Operation, the Lyuban Offensive Operation, the Demyansk Offensive Operation, the Orel–Bolkhov Offensive Operation, and the Rzhev-Vyazma Strategic Offensive Operation..
The campaign concluded with the Barvenkovo-Lozovaya Offensive Operation, a renewed attempt to retake Crimea during the Crimean Offensive Operation and the Bolkhov Offensive Operation.