Sindhi Sammat
The Sammat is the indigenous community of Sindhi people consisting of old native tribes, they are a large community of Sindhi Muslims. Hindu Sammats are also extant.
Sammat refers to Sindhis with indigenous origins. The Sammat tribes have existed in the region since ancient times. The Sammats are considered to be a traditionally privileged group in the Sindhi society. Sammat rulers were praised by Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, a popular 18th-century poet of the Sindhi language. In contemporary Sindh, the Sammat castes are regarded as second in rank to Sayeds and other castes of Arab descent.
The man who worked hard to revive Sammat as Chairman Sammat Tanzeem, was Late Bahawal Khan Unar, who dedicated much part of his life to the cause he was committed to from early 80s to late 90s, since he died in 1998 and after his death things went again on a longe pause till today.
Subgroups of Sammats
Sindhi Jats
Originally from the lower Indus Valley, many Sindhi Jats would migrate to lower Iraq between the 5th and 11th centuries, where they formed the Zuṭṭ community. In the 8th century, the Arab conquerors noted several agglomerations of Jats and Meds found across Lower and Central Sindh. Another migration into Punjab took place between the 11th and 16th centuries, where many Sindhi Jats settled in cultivatable land and gradually took up farming.Some Sindhi Jats, along with other Sindhi groups such as the Jadgals and Jamotes, are still found in modern Balochistan, such as in the Kacchi Plains, Las Bela, and Makran. They are also known as the Jats of Balochistan.
Soomros
The Soomros are a native tribe which historically founded the Soomro Sultanate, thus re-establishing native rule in Sindh after the Arab conquests. Members of the Soomro tribe were among the first in Sindh to convert to Islam from Hinduism, but they initially practiced a syncretic version, maintaining several Hindu customs and traditions.Sammas
The Sammas have their origin in Sindh. Initially, Samma communities were confined to Brahmanabad and its neighboring regions. They would later overthrow the Soomros and establish the Samma Sultanate. The Sultanate kept close ties with the Sultanate of Gujarat, and offshoots of the Sammas would establish themselves in that area.The Sandhai Muslims are also connected to the Sammas.
Kalhoras
The Kalhoras are a native Sammat group. They were Ashrafized over time, claiming an Arab "Abbasi" origin, however this claim has been refuted by others. The Kalhoras established a noble dynasty, serving as governors of Sindh and parts of Kutch.The Daudpotras are an offshoot of the Kalhoras.
Daudpotras
The Daudpotras were a prominent tribe in lower Sindh, closely related to the Kalhoras. The Daudpotras would migrate northwards, and be granted jagirs by the Nawab of Multan and Sheikh of Uch, laying the foundations for the Bahawalpur state.The state would become a princely state of the British Raj, and would later be the first state to accede to the Dominion of Pakistan.