Self-Protect High-Energy Laser Demonstrator
The Self-Protect High-Energy Laser Demonstrator was a directed-energy weapons development program. The objective was to demonstrate the ability of a laser system mounted on aircraft by developing and integrating a moderate power laser in a fighter-compatible pod. In 2016 it was reported that United States Air Force was considering getting a defensive laser weapon for fifth and sixth generation fighter jets by 2021. The SHiELD program was concluded in May 2024.
Technical description
The Self-Protect High-Energy Laser Demonstrator was designed as a pod-mounted defensive laser system for integration on U.S. Air Force fighter aircraft. The program aimed to provide protection against infrared-guided missiles by disabling their seekers or fuel systems at standoff ranges.
Laser source
SHiELD employed a fiber laser architecture using spectral beam combining to merge multiple fiber outputs into a single high-power beam. Lockheed Martin received the prime contract in 2017 to develop the laser subsystem, with a target output in the tens of kilowatts range.
Power and cooling
The system was intended to draw electrical power from the host aircraft’s generators and batteries. AFRL documentation noted the need for advanced thermal management, including closed-loop liquid cooling, to sustain firing during supersonic flight.
Beam control
Adaptive optics, including deformable and fast-steering mirrors, were incorporated to stabilize the beam against turbulence, vibration, and aircraft motion. Targeting was to be integrated with infrared search-and-track and missile warning sensors.
Integration
The demonstrator was housed in an external pod approximately 1.5 to 2 m in length and weighing close to one metric ton, compatible with fighter hardpoints such as those on the F-15 and F-16.
Engagement profile
The system was designed to engage infrared-guided missiles at ranges of several kilometers, with dwell times of a few seconds required to damage seeker heads or fuel tanks.
Program conclusion
In May 2024, the U.S. Air Force formally ended the SHiELD program. Reports indicated that the effort closed without achieving a flight test of a laser-equipped fighter, citing technical challenges and shifting priorities.