List of radar types


This is a list of different types of radar.

Detection and search radars

Search radars scan great volumes of space with pulses of short radio waves. They typically scan the volume two to four times a minute. The radio waves are usually less than a meter long. Ships and planes are metal, and reflect radio waves. The radar measures the distance to the reflector by measuring the time of the round trip from emission of a pulse to reception, dividing this by two, and then multiplying by the speed of light. To be accepted, the received pulse has to lie within a period of time called the range gate. The radar determines the direction because the short radio waves behave like a search light when emitted from the reflector of the radar set's antenna.

Search

  • Early Warning Radar Radar Systems
  • *Ground Control Intercept Radar
  • *Airborne Early Warning
  • * Airborne ground surveillance
  • *Over-the-Horizon Radar
  • Target Acquisition Radar Systems
  • *Surface-to-air missile Systems
  • *Anti-Aircraft Artillery Systems
  • Surface Search Radar Systems
  • *Surface Search Radar
  • *Coastal Surveillance Radar
  • *Harbour Surveillance Radar
  • *Antisubmarine Warfare Radar
  • Height Finder Radar Systems
  • Gap Filler Radar Systems

    Targeting radars

Targeting radars utilize the same principle but scan smaller volumes of space far more often, usually several times a second or more, while a search radar will scan a larger volume less frequently. Missile lock-on describes the scenario where a targeting radar has acquired a target, and the fire control can calculate a path for the missile to the target; in semi-active radar homing systems, this implies that the missile can "see" the target that the targeting radar is "illuminating". Some targeting radars have a range gate that can track a target, to eliminate clutter and electronic countermeasures.

Missile guidance systems

  • Air-to-Air Missile
  • Air-to-Surface Missile
  • Surface-to-air missile Systems
  • Surface-to-Surface Missiles Systems

    Others

  • Target Tracking Systems
  • *AAA Systems
  • Multi-Function Systems
  • *Fire Control Systems
  • **Acquisition Mode
  • **Semiautomatic Tracking Mode
  • **Manual Tracking Mode
  • *Airborne Intercept Radars
  • **Search Mode
  • **TA Mode
  • **TT Mode
  • **Target Illumination Mode
  • **Missile Guidance Mode
  • * Active electronically scanned array

    Battlefield and reconnaissance radar

  • Battlefield Surveillance Systems
  • *Counter-battery radar
  • *Battlefield Surveillance Radars
  • *Tactical Radar Identification and Location System
  • Countermortar/Counterbattery Systems
  • *Shell Tracking Radars
  • Air Mapping Systems
  • *Side looking airborne radar
  • *Synthetic Aperture Radar
  • *Perimeter Surveillance Radar
  • *Red Dawn Radar System
  • Ground Surveillance Radar
  • Man portable radar

    Instrumentation radars

Instrumentation radars are used to test aircraft, missiles, rockets, and munitions on government and private test ranges. They provide Time, Space, Position, Information data both for real time and post processing analysis.
Repurposed NASA and military radars
  • AN/FPS-16
  • MPQ-33/39
  • MPA-25
  • AN/FPS-134
  • AN/FPS-14
  • AN/TPQ-18
  • AN/FPQ-17
Commercial off-the-shelf
  • Weibel MFTR series
  • Weibel MSL series
  • Weibel SL series
Custom
  • AN/MPS-39 Multi-Object Tracking Radar
  • TAMTS
  • BAE Rule
  • ROTR
  • ROSA
  • ROSA II
  • COSIP
  • Dynetics MRS

    Fuzes and triggers

Radar proximity fuzes are attached to anti-aircraft artillery shells or other explosive devices, and detonate the device when it approaches a large object. They use a small rapidly pulsing omnidirectional radar, usually with a powerful battery that has a long storage life, and a very short operational life. The fuzes used in anti-aircraft artillery have to be mechanically designed to accept fifty thousand g, yet still be cheap enough to throw away.

Weather-sensing radar systems

s can resemble search radars. This radar uses radio waves along with horizontal, dual, or circular polarization. The frequency selection of weather radar is a performance compromise between precipitation reflectivity and attenuation due to atmospheric water vapor. Some weather radars uses doppler shift to measure wind speeds and dual-polarization for identification of types of precipitations.
Navigational radars resemble search radar, but use very short waves that reflect from earth and stone. They are common on commercial ships and long-distance commercial aircraft.
Marine radars are used by ships for collision avoidance and navigation purposes. The frequency band of radar used on most ships is X band, but S band radar is also installed on most oceangoing ships to provide better detection of ships in rough sea and heavy rain condition. Vessel traffic services also use marine radars for tracking ARPA and provides collision avoidance or traffic regulation of ships in the surveillance area.
General purpose radars are increasingly being substituted for pure navigational radars. These generally use navigational radar frequencies, but modulate the pulse so the receiver can determine the type of surface of the reflector. The best general-purpose radars distinguish the rain of heavy storms, as well as land and vehicles. Some can superimpose sonar and map data from GPS position.

Air Traffic Control and navigation

uses primary and secondary radars. Primary radars are a "classical" radar which reflects all kind of echoes, including aircraft and clouds. Secondary radar emits pulses and listens for special answer of digital data emitted by an Aircraft Transponder as an answer. Transponders emit different kind of data like a 4 octal ID, the onboard calculated altitude or the Callsign . Military use transponders to establish the nationality and intention of an aircraft, so that air defenses can identify possibly hostile radar returns. This military system is called IFF.
Image:Heathrow Airport radar tower P1180333.jpg|thumb|Air traffic control radar at London Heathrow Airport
  • Air Traffic Control Radars
  • Secondary Surveillance Radar
  • Ground Control Approach Radars
  • Precision Approach Radar
  • Distance Measuring Equipment
  • Radio Beacons
  • Radar Altimeter
  • Terrain-Following Radar

    Space and range instrumentation radar systems

  • Space Tracking Systems
  • Range Instrumentation Systems
  • Video Relay/Downlink Systems
  • Space-based radar
  • Incoherent scatter

    Mapping radars

Mapping radars are used to scan a large region for remote sensing and geography applications. They generally use synthetic aperture radar, which limits them to relatively static targets, normally terrain.
Specific radar systems can sense a human behind walls. This is possible since the reflective characteristics of humans are generally more diverse than those of the materials typically used in construction. However, since humans reflect far less radar energy than metal does, these systems require sophisticated technology to isolate human targets and moreover to process any sort of detailed image. Through-the-wall radars can be made with Ultra Wideband impulse radar, micro-Doppler radar, and synthetic aperture radar.
Radar range and wavelength can be adapted for different surveys of bird and migration and daily habits. They can have other uses too in the biological field.