Scaphander


Scaphander is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Scaphandridae, the canoe bubbles.

Description

The shell is ovate, convex in its upper part, and tapers below, with a low, slightly exserted spire. The aperture is large but shorter than the shell, and the columella is moderately curved and thick. The surface is sculpted with rows of spiral pits.
In most, if not all, species of this proposed subgenus, the callosity on the body does not form a distinct "fold." Instead, it appears as an amorphous mass, which sometimes may be granular, smooth, or occasionally tubercular in texture. While the typical fossil species seems to have an interiorly produced callus, the recent species differ notably from Bellardi’s fossil. They not only lack the same callus characteristics but also exhibit a globose shell shape rather than the pyriform shape seen in the fossil. For these globose recent species, I propose the name Sabatina, with Scaphander sabatina planeticus Dall, 1908 as the type. These species possess an animal capable of fully retracting into the shell, with gastroliths identical to those found in Scaphander lignarius.

Species

Species within the genus Scaphander include:
;Species brought into synonymy:
  • Scaphander alatus Dall, 1895: synonym of Scaphander mundus Watson, 1883
  • † Scaphander alaskensis Clark 1932: synonym of † Acila gettysburgensis alaskensis
  • Scaphander attenuatus Schepman, 1913: synonym of Scaphander cancellatus E. von Martens, 1902
  • Scaphander bathymophilus Dall, 1881: synonym of Sabatia bathymophila
  • Scaphander brownii Leach, 1852: synonym of Scaphander lignarius
  • Scaphander cumingii A. Adams, 1862: synonym of Philine cumingii
  • Scaphander cylindrellus Dall, 1908: synonym of Cylichnium cylindrellum
  • † Scaphander duseni Stilwell & Zinsmeister, 1992: synonym of † Kaitoa duseni
  • Scaphander fragilis : synonym of Eoscaphander fragilis Habe, 1952
  • Scaphander gibbulus Jeffreys, 1856: synonym of Weinkauffia gibbula : synonym of Weinkauffia turgidula
  • Scaphander giganteus Risso, 1826: synonym of Scaphander lignarius
  • Scaphander japonicus Adams, 1862: synonym of Nipponoscaphander japonicus
  • Scaphander librarius Lovén, 1846: synonym of Scaphander punctostriatus
  • Scaphander loisae Bullis, 1956: synonym of Scaphander bathymophilus
  • Scaphander mulitstriata Brazier, 1877: synonym of Scaphander multistriatus Brazier, 1877: synonym of Scaphander japonicus A. Adams, 1862
  • Scaphander multistriatus Brazier, 1877: synonym of Scaphander japonicus A. Adams, 1862
  • Scaphander niveus R. B. Watson, 1883: synonym of Sabatia nivea
  • Scaphander pilsbryi McGinty, 1955: synonym of Scaphander darius Marcus & Marcus, 1967
  • Scaphander pustulosus Dall, 1895: synonym of Sabatia pustulosa Dall, 1895
  • Scaphander robustus Okutani, 1966: synonym of Sabatia robusta
  • Scaphander sibogae : synonym of Scaphander attenuatus Schepman, 1913
  • Scaphander stigmatica Dall, 1927: synonym of Scaphander nobilis Verrill, 1884
  • Scaphander subglobosa Schepman, 1913: synonym of Scaphander subglobosus Schepman, 1913
  • Scaphander subglobosus Schepman, 1913: synonym of Scaphander cancellatus E. von Martens, 1902
  • Scaphander takedai : synonym of Sabatia takedai
  • Scaphander targionius Risso, 1826: synonym of Scaphander lignarius
  • Scaphander vicinus E. A. Smith, 1906: synonym of Scaphander mundus R. B. Watson, 1883