Scandium chloride


Scandium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula. It is a white, high-melting ionic compound, which is deliquescent and highly water-soluble. This salt is mainly of interest in the research laboratory. Both the anhydrous form and hexahydrate are commercially available.

Structure

crystallises in the layered [Bismuth(III) iodide|] motif, which features octahedral scandium centres. Monomeric is the predominant species in the vapour phase at 900 K, the dimer accounts for approximately 8%. The electron diffraction spectrum indicates that the monomer is planar and the dimer has two bridging Cl atoms each Sc being 4 coordinate.

Reactions

is a Lewis acid that absorbs water to give aquo complexes. According to X-ray crystallogrphy, one such hydrate is the salt trans-. With the less basic ligand tetrahydrofuran, yields the adduct as white crystals. This THF-soluble complex is used in the synthesis of organoscandium compounds. has been converted to its dodecyl sulfate salt, which has been investigated as a "Lewis acid-surfactant combined catalyst" in aldol-like reactions.

Reduction

Scandium chloride was used by Fischer et al. who first prepared metallic scandium by electrolysis of a eutectic melt of scandium chloride and other salts at 700-800 °C.
reacts with scandium metal to give a number of chlorides where scandium has an oxidation state of less than +3, ScCl,,, and. For example, reduction of with scandium metal in the presence of caesium chloride gives the compound which contain linear chains of composition, containing octahedra sharing faces.

Uses

Scandium chloride is found in some halide lamps, optical fibers, electronic ceramics, and lasers.