Rusty-backed antwren
The rusty-backed antwren is a species of bird in the family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru, and Suriname.
Taxonomy and systematics
The rusty-backed antwren has three subspecies, the nominate F. rufa rufa, F. r. urubambae, and F. r. chapmani.Description
The rusty-backed antwren is long and weighs. The males of all three subspecies have a tawny rufous crown and upperparts. They have a white supercilium and the rest of the face and the throat are black. The middle of the breast is black with a white edge separating it from the cinnamon-buff flanks; the belly is white. The folded wings show lines of white dots. The tail feathers are black with chestnut fringes, white sides, and white tips. The nominate female has paler rufous upperparts than the male. The face, throat, and chest are streaked black and white and the rest of the underparts are cinnamon. The female of F. r. urubambae has much heavier streaking on the underparts than the nominate and its tail is blacker. The female of F. r. chapmani is intermediate between the other two subspecies but closer in appearance to urubambae.Distribution and habitat
The nominate subspecies of rusty-backed antwren is found widely across south-central and eastern Brazil from the Atlantic Ocean west intro extreme southeastern Peru, much of eastern Bolivia, and central and northeastern Paraguay. F. r. urubambae is found discontinuously in Peru's departments of San Martín, Ucayali, and Cuzco. F. r. chapmani is found discontinuously in southern Suriname and a few east-central states of Brazil. It is believed to be resident in all parts of its range.The rusty-backed antwren inhabits a variety of semi-open to open landscapes such as cerrado, campos with scattered trees, white sand forest, and scrublands. In elevation it ranges from sea level in the east to as high as in Peru and Bolivia.