East Slavic name
East Slavic naming customs are the traditional way of identifying a person's given name, patronymic name, and family name in East Slavic cultures in Russia and some countries formerly part of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union.
They are used commonly in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and to a lesser extent in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia.
| Name | Belarusian example | Russian example | Ukrainian example |
| First name | |||
| Patronymic | |||
| Family name |
Given names
East Slavic parents select a given name for a newborn child. Most first names in East Slavic languages originate from two sources:Almost all first names are single. Doubled first names are very rare and are from foreign influence. Most doubled first names are written with a hyphen: Mariya-Tereza.
Males
Females
Forms
Being highly synthetic languages, the East Slavic ones treat personal names as grammatical nouns and apply the same rules of inflection and derivation to them as for other nouns. So one can create many forms with different degrees of affection and familiarity by adding the corresponding suffixes to the auxiliary stem derived from the original name. The auxiliary stem may be identical to the word stem of the full name, and most names have the auxiliary stem derived unproductively.Unlike English, in which the use of diminutive forms is optional even between close friends, in East Slavonic languages, such forms are obligatory in certain contexts because of the strong T–V distinction: the T-form of address usually requires the short form of the counterpart's name. Also, unlike other languages with prominent use of name suffixes, such as Japanese, the use of derived name forms is mostly limited to the T-addressing: there is no way to make the name more formal than the plain unsuffixed full form, and usually no suffixes can be added to the family name.
Most commonly, Russian philologists distinguish the following forms of given names:
| Name form | Example | Formation | Comments |
| Full | full name stem + case ending | - | |
| Short | short name stem + II declension ending | most common for informal communication, comparable to Western name-only form of address ', or Japanese surname-only, or surname/name -kun | |
| Diminutive | short name stem + + II declension ending | expresses familiarity, may be considered rude when used between people who are not close friends. Comparable to English diminutives ' or Japanese unsuffixed names | |
| Affective diminutive | short name stem + + II declension ending | most intimate and affectionate form, comparable to German diminutives or Japanese -chan suffixes |
Short forms
The "short name", is the simplest and most common name derivative. Bearing no suffix, it is produced suppletively and always has the declension noun ending for both males and females, thus making short forms of certain unisex names indistinguishable: for example, Sasha is the short name for both the masculine name Aleksandr and the feminine form Aleksandra.Some names, such as Zhanna and Mark, have no short forms; others may have two or more different forms. In the latter case, one form is usually more informal than the others.
| Full name | Full name | Short forms | Short forms |
| Александр | Aleksandr | Саша, Саня, Шура, ukr. Сашко, Лесь | Sasha, Sanya, Shura, ukr. Sashko, Les |
| Александра | Aleksandra | Саша, Шура, ukr. Леся | Sasha, Shura, ukr. Lesia |
| Алексей | Aleksey | Алёша, Лёша | Alyosha, Lyosha |
| Анастасия | Anastasia | Настя, Стася | Nastya, Stasya |
| Анатолий | Anatoly | Толя | Tolya |
| Андрей | Andrey | Андрюша, Дюша, Андря | Andryusha, Dyusha, Andrya |
| Анна | Anna | Аня, Анюта, Нюта, Нюша | Anya, Anyuta, Nyuta, Nyusha |
| Борис | Boris | Боря | Borya |
| Давид | David | Дава | Dava |
| Даниил | Daniil | Данила, Даня | Danila, Danya |
| Дарья | Darya | Даша | Dasha |
| Дмитрий | Dmitry | Дима, Митя | Dima, Mitya |
| Галина | Galina | Галя | Galya |
| Геннадий | Gennady | Гена | Gena |
| Георгий | Georgy | Гоша, Жора | Gosha, Zhora |
| Григорий | Grigory | Гриша | Grisha |
| Иван | Ivan | Ваня | Vanya |
| Иммануил | Immanuil | Моня | Monya |
| Ирина | Irina | Ира | Ira |
| Кирилл | Kirill | Кира, Киря | Kira, Kirya |
| Константин | Konstantin | Костя | Kostya |
| Ксения | Ksenya | Ксюша | Ksyusha |
| Лариса | Larisa | Лара, Лёля | Lara, Lyolya |
| Леонид | Leonid | Лёня | Lyonya |
| Лев | Lev | Лёва | Lyova |
| Лидия | Lidiya | Лида | Lida |
| Любовь | Lyubov' | Люба | Lyuba |
| Людмила | Lyudmila | Люда, Люся, Мила | Lyuda, Lyusya, Meela |
| Мария | Mariya | Маша, Маня, Маруся, Машуля, Машенька, Марийка, Маняша, Марічка | Masha, Manya, Marusya, Mashulya, Mashеnka, Mariyka, Manyasha, Marichka |
| Матвей | Matvey | Мотя | Motya |
| Михаил | Mihail | Миша | Misha |
| Надежда | Nadezhda | Надя | Nadya |
| Наталья | Natalya | Наташа | Natasha |
| Николай | Nikolay | Коля | Kolya |
| Ольга | Olga | Оля | Olya |
| Павел | Pavel | Паша, Павлик | Pasha, Pavlik |
| Полина | Polina | Поля, Лина | Polya, Lina |
| Пётр | Pyotr | Петя | Petya |
| Роман | Roman | Рома | Roma |
| Семён | Semyon | Сёма | Syoma |
| Сергей | Sergey | Серёжа | Seryozha |
| София | Sofia, Sofya | Соня, Софа | Sonya, Sofa |
| Светлана | Svetlana | Света, Лана | Sveta, Lana |
| Станислав | Stanislav | Стас | Stas, Stanko |
| Тамара | Tamara | Тома | Toma |
| Татьяна | Tatyana | Таня | Tanya |
| Вадим | Vadim | Вадик, Дима | Vadik, Dima |
| Валентин / Валентина | Valentin / Valentina | Валя | Valya |
| Валерий | Valery | Валера | Valera |
| Валерия | Valeriya | Лера | Lera |
| Василий | Vasily | Вася | Vasya |
| Виктор | Viktor | Витя | Vitya |
| Виктория | Viktoriya | Вика | Vika |
| Виталия | Vitaliya | Вита | Vita |
| Владимир | Vladimir | Вова, Володя | Vova, Volodya |
| Владислав, Владислава | Vladislav, Vladislava | Влад, Влада | Vlad, Vlada |
| Вячеслав | Vyacheslav | Слава | Slava |
| Ярослав | Yaroslav | Ярик | Yarik |
| Елена | Yelena | Лена, Алёна | Lena, Alyona |
| Елизавета | Yelizaveta | Лиза | Liza |
| Екатерина | Yekaterina | Катя | Katya |
| Евгений / Евгения | Yevgeniy / Yevgeniya | Женя | Zhenya |
| Юлия | Yuliya | Юля | Yulya |
| Юрий | Yury | Юра | Yura |
| Яков | Yakov | Яша | Yasha |
Diminutive forms
Diminutive forms are produced from the "short name" by means of various suffixes; for example, Михаил Mikhail – Миша Misha – Мишенька Mishenka – Мишка Mishka. If no "short name" exists, then diminutive forms are produced from the full form of the respective first name; for example, Марина Marina – Мариночка Marinochka – Маринка Marinka. Unlike the full name, a diminutive name carries a particular emotional attitude and may be unacceptable in certain contexts. Depending on the nature of the attitude, diminutive name forms can be subdivided into three broad groups: affectionate, familiar, and slang.Affectionate diminutive
Typically formed by suffixes -еньк-, -оньк-, -ечк-, -ушк, as illustrated by the examples below. It generally emphasises a tender, affectionate attitude and is roughly analogous to German suffixes -chen, -lein, Japanese -chan and -tan and affectionate name-derived nicknames in other languages. It is often used to address children or intimate friends.Within a more official context, this form may be combined with the honorific plural to address a younger female colleague.