Rumex aquaticus can be identified by its upright, reddish stout, large leaves shaped like hearts around the base and smaller leaves around the stalk. It can grow to about 1.8 m tall. When flowering, Rumex aquaticus can be identified by its red, pink, and green 3sepal flowers surrounding the stalk.
Rumex aquaticus is a hermaphrodite and is pollinated by wind. The seeds require a moist environment for germination but cannot germinate if submerged in water.