Rosiwal scale
The Rosiwal scale is a hardness scale in mineralogy, with its name given in memory of the Austrian geologist August Karl Rosiwal. The Rosiwal scale attempts to give more quantitative values of scratch hardness, unlike the Mohs scale which is a qualitative measurement with relative values.
The Rosiwal method is a method of petrographic analysis and is performed by scratching a polished surface under a known load using a scratch-tip with a known geometry. The hardness is calculated by finding the volume of removed material, but this measurement can be difficult and must sample a large enough number of grain in order to have statistical significance.
Rosiwal scale values
| Mohs | Mineral | Rosiwal hardness |
| 1 | Talc | 0.03 |
| 2 | Gypsum | 1.25 |
| 3 | Calcite | 4.5 |
| 4 | Fluorite | 5 |
| 5 | Apatite | 5.5 |
| 6 | Feldspar | 37 |
| 7 | Quartz | 100 |
| 8 | Topaz | 175 |
| 9 | Corundum | 1,000 |
| 10 | Diamond | 140,000 |
Measures the scratch hardness of a mineral expressed on a quantitative scale. These measurements must be performed in a laboratory, since the surfaces must be flat and smooth. The base value of the Rosiwal scale is defined as corundum set to 1000.