Romans 11


Romans 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Epistle to the Romans in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle, while he was in Corinth in the mid-50s AD, with the help of an amanuensis, Tertius, who adds his own greeting in Romans 16:22.
This chapter concludes the section of the letter in which "St. Paul teaches us about the eternal providence of God" with particular reference to the election of a chosen people, Israel, who have become disobedient, and in whose place a remnant have been chosen and grafted into place.

Text

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 36 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
Paul reiterates in verses 1-11 his answer to the same question in chapter 9, focussing here on other cases where a remnant has been preserved.

Verse 1

Paul opens this part of his letter with another rhetorical question: "Has God cast away His people?" He also uses the phrase "Certainly not!" or *God forbid" regularly in this letter. On this occasion, he puts himself forward as an example to evidence his argument, "to show that God has not rejected His people en masse. An Israelite of pure descent, he is, nevertheless a true believer". Later in the chapter, Paul also refers to himself as the "apostle of the gentiles".

Verse 34

Romans 34 cites both Isaiah 40:13 and Jeremiah 23:18.