Redundancy in United Kingdom law


Redundancy in United Kingdom law concerns the rights of employees if they are dismissed for economic reasons in UK labour law.

Definition of redundancy

Section 139 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 defines the two situations in which a redundancy may occur:
the fact that his employer has ceased or intends to cease—

the fact that the requirements of that business—
have ceased or diminished or are expected to cease or diminish.

Diminishing of work

While the first case envisages situations where an employer simply closes his business, the second scenario has caused trouble in its interpretation.

The function of the employee

The place of work

Geographical test now favoured, Bass Leisure Ltd v Thomas, best of both worlds for the employer potentially, though in that case the EAT made clear that any use of mobility clauses must be subject to the employee's situation.

Redundancy procedure

Bessenden Properties Ltd v Corness establishes the main principles on fairness of procedure, with Williams v Compair Maxam Ltd affirming it.

Consultation

Huddersfield Parcels Ltd v Sykes on double consultation

Selection criteria

British Aerospace Plc v Green and FDR Ltd v Holloway on discovery of how criteria were appliedClarke v Eley Kynoch Ltd on discrimination in criteria on gender

Redundancy payments

Redundancy payments are defined in law.
In 2002, the Court of Appeal ruled in a case brought by staff employed at Albion's Farington site in Lancashire, Albion Automotive Ltd w. Walker and others, that a contractual term entitling employees to an enhanced redundancy payment could be implied into the employees' contracts of employment based on the employer's custom and practice.
However, in a different 2002 decision in the Employment Appeal Tribunal, Warman International v Wilson, Mr Wilson's claim of being entitled to an enhanced redundancy payment, supported by the Employment Tribunal meeting in Leeds in 2000, was overturned because previous enhanced levels of redundancy payment had on each occasion been made on a case-by-case decision and the employer, when making comparator payments to other staff made redundant, had specifically asserted that enhanced payments for some staff created no precedent on which other staff could subsequently rely.