Rangipo Fault

The Rangipo Fault is the eastern Taupō rift-bounding north–south striking normal fault complex of the Ruapehu Graben, a seismically active area of the central North Island of New Zealand to the west of Mount Ruapehu. It could be part of a potential rupture.

Geography

It is located near the eastern side of the Tongariro National Park, mainly in the Rangipo Desert, and traces have been now characterised on both sides of State Highway 1 where it is known as "the Desert Road" extending for at least. The northern surface traces of the fault commences just south of the Waipakihi Road to the east of the Desert Road and it extends south of the Waiouru Military Camp to almost the south west corner of the army training area.

Geology

The Upper Waikato Stream Fault is the eastern wall fault to its immediate north and it has been postulated that whole fault rupture of that fault, the Rangipo Fault and the potentially intersecting from the west Wahianoa Fault whose trace may be hidden under Ruapehu eruptives could result in a 7.1 M_W event. The north–south fault line transitions into the east–west alignment of the Taupō Rift termination faults beyond the Ruapehu Graben with the Moawhango Fault to the east, the Shawcroft Road Fault to the west and the Snowgrass Fault to its south. Where the fault has been trenched to date it is normal with a NNE strike, and between 80°W dip. During a higher slip-rate period between 25 and 11 cal ka BP there were frequent major plinian eruptions of Mount Ruapehu so there is possibly some interaction with nearby volcanism. The long term dip slip rate from about 144 ka BP for a total displacement of is /year. However displacement since 13.8 cal ka BP has been less than /year.

Fault event Number	date of last marker before event	Displacement	Note
7	1,720 years BP
6	3,520 years BP		possible match to an Upper Waikato Stream Fault rupture
5	11,000 years BP		Is about time of Pahoka–Mangamate eruption sequence.
4	11,000 years BP		possible match to an Upper Waikato Stream Fault rupture
3	11,770 years BP		For more than 25 km and possible match to an Upper Waikato Stream Fault rupture
2	11,770 years BP		Possible match to a Wahianoa Fault rupture
1	13,640 years BP		Match to a Wahianoa Fault rupture

Risks

The size of the characterised displacements indicates major earthquakes typical for the Taupō Rift are possible. The displacement assigned to the oldest fault rupture in the above data could be a very disruptive event. For example, the current assumed worse case is from a event rupturing this and two adjacent faults over by an average of.