RFE Phonetic Alphabet


The RFE Phonetic Alphabet, named for a journal of philology, the, is a phonetic alphabet originally developed in 1915 for the languages and dialects of Iberian origin, primarily Spanish. The alphabet was proposed by Tomás Navarro Tomás and adopted by the in Madrid for the RFE and by the. It is used solely in works based on Hispanic themes, such as the, as well as phonetics manuals. Additionally, this phonetic alphabet is taught at the universities of Spanish-speaking countries such as Mexico.

Symbols

RFEExampleTranscriptionConsonantIPA
bbondadbon̹dáđ̥Voiced bilabial stop
ppadrepáđreVoiceless bilabial stop
mamaramárVoiced bilabial nasal
mismo mím̥moVoiceless bilabial nasal
ƀhabaáƀaVoiced bilabial fricative
ƀ̥las botas la ƀ̥ótahVoiceless bilabial fricative

RFEExampleTranscriptionConsonantIPA
confusokom̭fúṡoLabiodental nasal
ffácilfáθįlVoiceless labiodental fricative
vvida víđaVoiced labiodental fricative

RFEExampleTranscriptionConsonantIPA
cruz divina krúẓ ḍiƀínaVoiced interdental stop
hazte acááθṭe akáVoiceless interdental stop
onzaóṇθaInterdental nasal
juzgarxųẓǥár
θmozomóθoVoiceless interdental fricative
đruedar̄wéđaVoiced interdental fricative
đtomadotomáđoInterdental approximant
đ̥verdadbęrđáđ̥Voiceless interdental approximant
calzadokaḷθađoVoiceless interdental lateral

RFEExampleTranscriptionConsonantIPA
dduchodúĉoVoiced dental stop
ttomartomáɹVoiceless dental stop
montemón̹teDental nasal
desdedéz̹đeVoiced dental fricative
hastaás̹taVoiceless dental fricative
faldafál̹daDental lateral approximant

RFEExampleTranscriptionConsonantIPA
nmanomã́noAlveolar nasal
asno án̥noVoiceless alveolar nasal
ŝchobu ŝóƀuVoiceless alveolar affricate
zlos días lo zíah
srosa r̄osa
żrasgarr̄ażǥáɹVoiced alveolar fricative
casakáṡaVoiceless alveolar fricative
llunalúnaAlveolar lateral approximant
muslo mųl̥loVoiceless alveolar lateral approximant
rhoraǫ́raAlveolar flap
multitudmųr̥titúVoiceless alveolar flap
carrokár̄oAlveolar trill
ɹcolorkolǫ́ɹAlveolar approximant
ɹ̊trigo tɹ̊íǥoVoiceless alveolar approximant
ɹ̱honra,
pondré
ónɹ̱a,
põɹ̱é
Geminated voiced alveolar approximant
ɹ̱̊perro pę́ɹ̱̊o / pę́ɹ̱oGeminated voiceless alveolar approximant
lax alveolar trill

RFEExampleTranscriptionConsonantIPA
añoán̮oPalatal nasalɲ
ŷyugoŷúǥoVoiced palatal affricate
ĉmucho múĉoVoiceless postalveolar affricate
žmayo mažoVoiced postalveolar fricative
šrexa r̄ešaVoiceless postalveolar fricative
ymayomáyoVoiced palatal fricative
jefe ẙefe / ẙjéfe
jnietonjétoPalatal approximant
inquietoiŋ́ḱj̊éto / iŋ́ḱj̊eto
castillokas̹tíl̮oPalatal lateral approximant
ÿsubyugarsųƀÿuǥáɹ

RFEExampleTranscription
ǵguitarraǵitár̄a
quimeraḱiméra
ŋ́inquiririŋ́ḱirír
ǥ́seguirṡeǥ́iɹ
regirr̄ex́ír

RFEExampleTranscriptionConsonantIPA
ggustargųs̹táɹVoiced velar stop
kcasakáṡaVoiceless velar stop
ŋnuncanṹŋkaVelar nasal
ǥrogarr̄oǥárVoiced velar fricative
xjamásxamásVoiceless velar fricative
łmalalt məlạłVelarized alveolar lateral approximant
whuesowéṡoVoiced labio-velar approximant
fuera fw̥éraVoiceless labio-velar approximant

RFEExampleTranscription
ŋ̇don Juandoŋ̇ ẋwán
ǥ̇agujaaǥ̇úxa
enjuagareŋ̇ẋwaǥár

RFEExampleTranscriptionConsonantIPA
hhorno hǫ́rnoVoiceless glottal fricative

RFEDescription
į ę ǫ ųLowered
i e a o uUnmarked vowels
ẹ ọRaised
ąFronted
Backed
ǫ̈Labialized ę
öLabialized e
ų̈Labialized į
üLabialized i
əSchwa
ĩ ã ũ õ, etc.Nasalized vowels
á ó ę́ ã́Vowels with stress marker
aː oː lː sː mː nː, etc.Long
đ đ̥, etc.Reduced sounds