Puya (plant)


Puya is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae. It is the sole genus of the subfamily Puyoideae, and is composed of 226 species. These terrestrial plants are native to the Andes Mountains of South America and southern Central America. Many of the species are monocarpic, with the parent plant dying after one flower and seed production event.
The species Puya raimondii is notable as the largest species of bromeliad known, reaching 3 m tall in vegetative growth with a flower spike 9–10 m tall. The other species are also large, with the flower spikes mostly reaching 1–4 m tall.
The name Puya was derived from the Indigenous Mapuche word meaning "point".

Taxonomy

The genus is commonly divided into two subgenera, Puya, containing eight species, and Puyopsis containing the remainder. The subgenera can be distinguished by the presence of a sterile inflorescence at the branch apex in Puya, which are fertile in Puyopsis.

Species

, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:
SubgenusImageScientific nameDistribution
PuyaPuya alpestris GayChile
PuyaPuya × berteroniana Mez
Chile
PuyaPuya boliviensis BakerChile
PuyaPuya castellanosii L.B.Sm.Argentina
PuyaPuya chilensis MolinaChile
PuyaPuya gilmartiniae G.S.Varad. & A.R.FloresChile
PuyaPuya raimondii HarmsBolivia and Peru
PuyaPuya weddelliana MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya adscendens L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya aequatorialis AndréEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya alata L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya alba L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya alpicola L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya angelensis E.Gross & RauhEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya angulonis L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya angusta L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya antioquensis L.B.Sm. & ReadColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya araneosa L.B.Sm.Peru.
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya argentea L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya aristeguietae L.B.Sm.Venezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya assurgens L.B.Sm.Argentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya atra L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya barkleyana L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya bermejana S.E.Gómez, Slanis & A.GrauBolivia to Argentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya bicolor MezColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya boopiensis R.Vásquez, Ibisch & R.LaraBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya boyacana Cuatrec.Colombia L.B. Sm.Puya brachystachya MezColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya brackeana Manzan. & W.TillEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya bravoi Aráoz & A.GrauArgentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya brittoniana BakerBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cahuachensis A.Galán, J.Montoya, Vicente Orell. & E.LinaresPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cajasensis Manzan. & W.TillEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cardenasii L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cardonae L.B.Sm.Venezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya casmichensis L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cerrateana L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya claudiae Ibisch, R.Vásquez & E.GrossBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya clava-herculis Mez & SodiroColombia, Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cleefii L.B.Sm. & ReadColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cochabambensis R.Vásquez & IbischBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya coerulea Lindl.Chile
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya colcaensis Treviño, Quip. & GoudaPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya commixta L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya compacta L.B.Sm.Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya coriacea L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cristata L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cryptantha Cuatrec.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ctenorhyncha L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cuatrecasasii L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cuevae Manzan. & W.TillEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya cylindrica MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya dasylirioides Standl.Costa Rica
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya densiflora HarmsPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya depauperata L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya dichroa L.B.Sm. & ReadColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya dodsonii Manzan. & W.TillEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya dolichostrobila HarmsPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya donneriana R.Vásquez, Altam. & IbischBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya dyckioides MezArgentina, Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya elviragrossiae R.Vásquez & IbischBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya entre-riosensis Ibisch & E.GrossBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya erlenbachiana Ibisch & R.VásquezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya eryngioides AndréEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya exigua MezEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya exuta L.B.Sm. & ReadColumbia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya fastuosa MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ferox MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ferreyrae L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ferruginea L.B.Sm.Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya fiebrigii MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya floccosa É.Morren ex MezBrazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Venezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya fosteriana L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya fulgens L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya furfuracea L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya gargantae L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya gerd-muelleri W.WeberPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya gerdae W.WeberPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya gigas AndréColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya glabrescens L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya glandulosa L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya glareosa L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya glaucovirens MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya glomerifera Mez & SodiroEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya goudotiana MezColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya gracilis L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya grafii RauhVenezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya grandidens MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya grantii L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya grubbii L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya guaramacalana Stergios, Caracas, Dorr & S.M.NiñoVenezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya gutteana W.WeberPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya hamata L.B.Sm.Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya harmsii A.Cast.Argentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya harry-lutheri GoudaVenezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya herrerae HarmsPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya herzogii Wittm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya hirtzii Manzan. & W.TillEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya hofstenii MezBolivia to Argentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya horrida L.B.Sm. & ReadColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya hortensis L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya hoxeyi JanebaPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya hromadnikii RauhBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya huancavelicae L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya humilis MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya hutchisonii L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ibischii R.VásquezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya iltisiana L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya isabellina MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya joergensenii H.LutherEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya killipii Cuatrec.Colombia, Venezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya kuntzeana MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya laccata MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lanata Schult. & Schult.f.Ecuador, Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lanuginosa Schult. & Schult.f.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya larae R.Vásquez & IbischBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lasiopoda L.B.Sm.Bolivia, Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya laxa L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lehmanniana L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya leptostachya L.B.Sm.Peru to Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lilloi A.Cast.Argentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lineata MezColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya llatensis L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya loca MadriñánColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lokischmidtiae R.Vásquez & IbischBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya longisepala MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya longispina Manzan. & W.TillEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya longistyla MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lopezii L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya lutheri W.TillPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya macbridei L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya macropoda L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya macrura MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya maculata L.B.Sm.Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya mariae L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya medica L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya membranacea L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya meziana Wittm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya micrantha MezArgentina, Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya mima L.B.Sm. & ReadPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya minima L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya mirabilis L.B.Sm.Argentina, Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya mitis MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya mollis Baker ex MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya mucronata Manzan.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya nana Wittm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya navarroana Manzan. & W.TillEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya nigrescens L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya nitida MezColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya nivalis BakerColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya novarae G.S.Varad. ex Gómez Rom. & A.GrauArgentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya nutans L.B.Sm.Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya obconica L.B.Sm.Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya occidentalis L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ochroleuca Betancur & CallejasColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya olivacea Wittm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya oxyantha MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pachyphylla R.Vásquez & IbischBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya parviflora L.B.Sm.Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pattersoniae Manzan. & W.TillEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya paupera MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pearcei MezBolivia.
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya penduliflora L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pichinchae Mez & SodiroEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pitcairnioides L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pizarroana R.Vásquez, Ibisch & S.BeckBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ponderosa L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya potosina L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pratensis L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya prosanae Ibisch & E.GrossBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pseudoeryngioides H.LutherPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pusilla H.LutherBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pygmaea L.B.Sm.Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya pyramidata Schult. & Schult.f.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ramonii L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ramosissima ined.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya rauhii L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya reducta L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya reflexiflora MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya retrorsa GilmartinEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya riparia L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya robin-fosteri G.S.Varad. & H.LutherPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya roezlii É.MorrenPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya roldanii Betancur & CallejasColombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya roseana L.B.Sm.Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya rusbyi MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya sagasteguii L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya sanctae-crucis L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya sanctae-martae L.B.Sm.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya santanderensis Cuatrec.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya santosii Cuatrec.Colombia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya secunda L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya sehuencasensis R.Vásquez, Ibisch & R.LaraBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya serranoensis RauhBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya silvae-baccae L.B.Sm. & ReadVenezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya simulans L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya smithii A.Cast.Argentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya sodiroana MezEcuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya solomonii G.S.Varad.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya spathacea MezArgentina, Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya stenothyrsa MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya stipitata L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya strobilantha MezPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya textoragicolae W.WeberPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya thomasiana AndréColombia to Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya tillii Manzan.Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya tovariana L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya trianae BakerVenezuela to Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya tristis L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya trollii L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya tuberosa MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya tunarensis MezBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya tyleriana Sagást., Zapata & M.O.DillonPeru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ugentiana L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya ultima L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya valida L.B.Sm.Bolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya vallo-grandensis RauhBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya vargasiana L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya vasquezii Ibisch & E.GrossBolivia
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya venezuelana L.B.Sm.Colombia, Venezuela
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya venusta Phil.Chile
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya vervoorstii Gómez Rom. & A.GrauArgentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya vestita AndréColombia to Ecuador
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya volcanensis A.Cast.Argentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya weberbaueri MezBolivia, Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya weberiana É.Morren ex MezArgentina
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya werneriana Read & L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya westii L.B.Sm.Ecuador to Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya wrightii L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya wurdackii L.B.Sm.Peru
Puyopsis L.B. Sm.Puya yakespala A.Cast.Argentina

Cultivation and use

Some species of Puya in Chile, locally known as chagual, are used to make salads from the base of its young leaves or stem. A common species is Puya chilensis.