Public Security (Czechoslovakia)


Public Security was the regular police force of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, created in 1945 as a branch of the National Security Corps, which also included State Security.

History

When the Czech Police was established on 15 July 1991, the VB was used as the basis of reforming the force under Act 283/1991 Coll.

Organization

The VB was divided into the Public Order and Traffic VB, Criminal Investigations VB and an Infrastructure Security section. There were regional, district, city and local detachments of the force. Its given wartime mission scenarios include rear security operations and security of POW facilities.
The VB were permitted to demand from any citizen an identification booklet. This booklet contained a photograph and information such as name, current address and place of employment. As carrying an občanský průkaz was mandatory; a person could be detained for simply not having one in their possession.
The auxiliary wing was the 'Public Security Auxiliary Guard', recruited from "politically reliable" citizens over the age of 21, who wore a yellow arm-band with "PS VB". They were generally used for traffic control and public order duties.

Vehicles

VB vehicles were originally blue with a white line along the side. Later vehicles had panels painted yellow and white in a similar pattern to American 'black and whites', which the pattern's designer admitted after the fall of the regime was his inspiration. The full name 'Veřejná bezpečnost' was used with the blue design while later vehicles had only the letters 'VB' written on the white doors.

Uniforms

VB uniforms were also originally dark blue until the end of 1960s, when they changed to a khaki colour described officially as 'nettle green', with rank insignia on red epaulettes, which did not follow Soviet patterns, except for junior officers.

In popular culture

The VB police Lada 1500 were used in the 1987 spy film The Living Daylights chasing James Bond through Czechoslovakia even though it was filmed in Vienna

Rank structure

Rank in CzechEnglish TranslationInsignia
PraporčickéWarrant Officers/NCO's
RotnýJunior Sergeantone silver star
StrážmistrSergeanttwo silver stars
NadstrážmistrStaff Sergeantthree silver stars
PodpraporčíkJunior Warrant Officerone silver star with silver edging to epaulette
PraporčíkWarrant Officertwo silver stars with silver edging
NadpraporčíkSenior Warrant Officerthree silver stars with silver edging
Důstojnické hodnostiOfficers
PodporučíkJunior Lieutenantone gold star
PoručíkLieutenanttwo gold stars
NadporučíkSenior Lieutenantthree gold stars, arranged in triangle
KapitánCaptainthree gold stars arranged in a triangle, with a fourth above them
MajorMajorone gold star with gold edging to epaulette
PodplukovníkLieutenant Coloneltwo gold stars with gold edging
PlukovníkColonelthree gold stars, arranged in triangle, with gold edging
GenerálovéGeneral Officers
GenerálmajorMajor Generalone large gold star with crossed staffs and gold braid edging
GenerálporučíkLieutenant Generaltwo large gold stars with crossed staffs and gold braid edging
GenerálplukovníkColonel Generalthree large gold stars with crossed staffs and gold braid edging