Procedural drama
A procedural or procedural drama is a cross-genre type of literature, film, or television program that places emphasis on technical detail. A documentary film may also be written in a procedural style to heighten narrative. A popular subgenre is the police procedural. Some dramas include a lab or high-tech conference room where the main characters meet to work out the problem. Shows usually have an episodic format that does not necessarily require the viewer to have seen previous episodes. Episodes typically have a self-contained plot that is introduced, developed, and resolved within the same episode.
The procedural format is popular around the world. In 2011, the director of a TV consultancy said, "The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure." Due to their stand-alone episodic nature, they are more accessible to new viewers than serials. Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes. In general, procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order. Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic. Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows; however, some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format. Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes.
Types of media
Television
Fiction
In television, "procedural" specifically refers to a genre of programs in which a problem is introduced, investigated, and solved all within the same episode. These shows tend to be hour-long dramas and are often police or crime-related. The general formula for a police procedural involves the commission or discovery of a crime at the beginning of the episode, the ensuing investigation, and the arrest or conviction of a perpetrator at the end of the episode. Modern examples of this genre are the Law & Order, CSI & NCIS franchises. House is an example of a non-crime-related procedural.- Procedural dramas are generally very popular in broadcast syndication because the lack of long-term storylines makes it easier for viewers to tune in for just one episode without feeling lost.
- Procedurals are sometimes noted for their lack of character development, with little attention being paid to the lives of the recurring characters outside of their jobs.
Non-fiction
- Non-fiction science procedurals such as the PBS Secrets of the Dead series and Court TV's Forensic Files take a viewer step-by-step through an investigation, much like a fictional procedural.
Literature
- Police procedural: the best-known variety, a large subgenre of mystery fiction. Lawrence Treat's 1945 novel V as in Victim is cited as perhaps the first "true" police procedural.
- Military procedural: a term used by Publishers Weekly in 1989, referring to Ralph Peters' novel Red Army
- War procedural: an example is the film The Dam Busters, 1955, which was called a war procedural by Richard Gilliam in Allmovie.
- * Tom Clancy's novels are sometimes called war procedurals or political procedurals.
- Science procedural: science fiction novels or stories may have sequences of scientific procedure. An example would be Timescape, written by the scientist and author Gregory Benford.
- A relatively recent subgenre is the presidential procedural: a novel which focuses on the office of the US presidency, and the activities of its occupant. Examples would be Executive Orders by Tom Clancy, The President's Plane Is Missing by Robert Serling, and Maximum Vigilance by Steve Pieczenik.
Television examples
This list provides examples of procedural dramas; it is not exhaustive.9-1-1 9-1-1 Lone Star Adam-12 Alert: Missing Persons Unit Battle Creek Bosch Bosch: Legacy Beauty & the Beast Blindspot Bull Blue Bloods Body of Proof Bones Castle Charlie's Angels Chicago Fire Chicago Med Chicago P.D. Chicago Justice The Closer Cold Case Columbo Common Law Conviction Criminal Minds Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders Criminal Minds: Suspect Behavior CSI: Crime Scene Investigation CSI: Cyber CSI: Miami CSI: NY CSI: Vegas Deadline Dragnet Elementary Elsbeth Emergency! The Equalizer FBI FBI: Most Wanted FBI: International Fire Country Found The Good Doctor Hawaii Five-O- Hawaii Five-0 Homicide: Life on the Street House Hill Street Blues In Plain Sight Instinct Ironside iZombie JAG Jo Law & Order Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Law & Order: Organized Crime Law & Order: Criminal Intent Law & Order: Trial by Jury Law & Order: UK Law & Order: LA Law & Order Toronto: Criminal Intent Lie to Me Lucifer Major Crimes Matlock Miami Vice Midsomer Murders McCallum The Mentalist Monk Murder, She Wrote Naked City Nash Bridges NCIS NCIS: Los Angeles NCIS: New Orleans NCIS: Hawaiʻi NCIS: Sydney New Tricks New York Undercover Numb3rs NYPD Blue Perception Perry Mason Person of Interest The Practice Prodigal Son Psych Quincy, M.E. Rebus Rizzoli & Isles The Rookie The Rookie: Feds Silent Witness So Help Me Todd Southland Suits S.W.A.T. Taggart Taxi Brooklyn Third Watch The Unit White Collar Without a Trace Wild Cards
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