Polygonum bolanderi is a small shrubproducing numerous very thin twiglike branches up to about half a meter long from a tough, tangled base. The slender branches are lined with small, narrow, pointed leaves which are alternately arranged and mostly found clustered toward the tips of the twigs. The leaves have narrow, fringed stipules with sharp points. Flowers occur in upperleaf axils during summer and fall. They are whitish or pink with dark midveins on each corolla lobe.