Platanthera dilatata


Platanthera dilatata, known as tall white bog orchid, bog candle, or boreal bog orchid is a species of orchid, a flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae, native to North America. It was first formally described in 1813 by Frederick Traugott Pursh as Orchis dilatata.
It is sometimes called fragrant white bog orchid or scentbottle, for the smell of its flowers, described as intensely spicy or clove-like.
In the Midwest and northeastern United States and Canada, it grows in cold, calcareous fens, cedar and tamarack swamps, meadows, and marshes, typically in sunny spots.

Description

Bog candle is an erect, perennial flower growing up to tall. The showy, white flowers are clustered on long spikes. The petals are ovate to linear-lance shaped with smooth edges, not divided or fringed like some other Platanthera species. The lateral sepals spread or reflex.
The leaves are linear to lanceolate or oblanceolate, and reduce in size toward the top of the plant. The leave size ranges from long to across.

Taxonomy

Platanthera dilatata was scientifically described by Frederick Traugott Pursh in 1813 and named Orchis dilatata. It was moved to the genus Platanthera in 1833 by Lewis Caleb Beck crediting John Lindley. Together with its genus it is classified in the family Orchidaceae.
Three varieties are accepted:
ImageNameDistribution
Platanthera dilatata var. albifloraColorado to Alaska and Kamchatka
Platanthera dilatata var. dilatataColorado to Alaska, Great Lakes and northeastern US and Canada, absent in most of the Great Plains
Platanthera dilatata var. leucostachyswestern US and Canada, from Baja California to Alaska

Platanthera dilatata has synonyms of the species or one of its three varieties.

Uses

British Columbian Native Americans used the sweet-smelling flowers in washing themselves.