Eucomis comosa
Eucomis comosa, the pineapple flower, pineapple lily or wine eucomis, is a species of flowering plant in the asparagus family Asparagaceae. A deciduous bulbous perennial used as an ornamental plant, it is endemic to South Africa. The white to purple flowers appear in summer and are arranged in a spike, topped by a "head" of green leaflike bracts.
Description
Eucomis comosa is a perennial plant, growing from a large bulb, which is often purple in colour. The leaves form a basal rosette, and are long by wide, with a smooth, slightly undulating margin. The leaves usually have purple spots and may have an overall purple tinge; var. striata has purple stripes. The inflorescence, a raceme, appears in summer and is borne on a stem tall. Individual flowers have stalks long. The tepals are whitish to purple, the ovary always purple. Most plants have a pleasant coconut-like scent. The inflorescence is topped by a head of bracts, often purple spotted or tinged like the leaves. The overall effect is of a miniature pineapple plant, though in fact the two species are not closely related.
Taxonomy
The species was first described by Maarten Houttuyn in 1780, as Asphodelus comosus. The specific epithet comosus means "tufted". In 1929, transferred the species to Eucomis. It is one of a group of larger tetraploid species of Eucomis, with 2n = 4x = 60.
Distribution and habitat
Eucomis comosa is native to the east Cape Provinces and the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. It is found in rocky ground at elevations of around.
Cultivation
Eucomis comosa is an ornamental plant with numerous cultivars, varying in colour from forms with white flowers and little or no purple on the leaves, to forms with deeply coloured leaves. Described as "surprisingly hardy" in the UK, down to, it needs a sheltered spot in full sun, and a protective mulch in winter when grown where frosts occur. In the UK, the compact cultivar 'Leia' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.