Pinanga subterranea

Pinanga subterranea is a species of tree in the Arecaceae, or palm tree, family native to Borneo. It is widespread in the west of the island, where local communities use it for food.

Botany

The species in found in lowland forest valleys 650 metres above sea level and on slopes near streams. It grows well in chalky, red or sandy clay soils.

Ecology

Pollination

P. subterranea has a highly unusual reproductive strategy. Its subterranean flowers are pollinated beneath the surface. The seeds are dispersed by wild boars, which dig into the ground to reach the fruit. Plants that can flower and bear fruit underground at the same time are rare, with only P. subterranea and orchid genus Rhizanthella can do both of these.