Pholadidea


Pholadidea is a taxonomic genus of marine bivalve molluscs in the subfamily Martesiinae of the family Pholadidae. Most members of Pholididea bore into shale, soft rock and coral for shelter, with the exception of Pholididea wiffenae, which is a wood-borer.

Appearance

The Pholididea are distinguished from the other genera in Martesiinae by having only on umbonal-ventral sulcus, a longitudinally-divided mesoplax, and either no metaplax and hypoplax, or a single plate caused by deposition of calcite in the periostratum.

Occurrence

Pholididea is known from the Eocene to the Holocene, while the subgenus P. is known only from the Holocene. Species have been reported from the Palaeocene and Late Cretaceous, but these likely belong in other genera.

Taxonomy

The following taxonomic classifications exist in Pholididea:

Subgenera

Pholadidea (Pholadidea) Turton, 1819Pholadidea (Hatasia) Gray, 1851

Species

Pholadidea acherontea Beu & Climo, 1974Pholadidea eborensis Cosel & Haga, 2018Pholadidea fauroti Jousseaume, 1888
; SynonymsPholadidea acutithyra Tchang, Tsi & Li, 1960 accepted as Penitella acutithyra Tchang, Tsi & Li, 1960Pholadidea cheveyi Lamy, 1927 accepted as Aspidopholas ovum W. Wood, 1828Pholadidea chishimana Habe, 1955 accepted as Penitella gabbii Tryon, 1863Pholadidea dolichothyra Tchang, Tsi & Li, 1960 accepted as Penitella dolichothyra Tchang, Tsi & Li, 1960Pholadidea esmeraldensis Olsson, 1961: synonym of Pholadidea tubifera Pholadidea minuscula Dall, 1908 accepted as Martesia fragilis Verrill & Bush, 1898Pholadidea sagitta Dall, 1916 accepted as Penitella penita Conrad, 1837