Philip of Cognac

Philip of Cognac was an illegitimate son of King Richard I of England, by an unidentified mother.

Life

Philip had reached adulthood by the end of the 1190s. His father married him to his ward, Amelia, the heiress of Cognac, France, in Charente. However, when she died without issue, Richard kept the castle, and handed it over to his seneschal, Robert of Thornham.
The king was mortally wounded during the suppression of a revolt by Viscount Aimar V of Limoges in 1199, and died without legitimate heirs. The chronicler Roger of Howden claimed that later that same year:
No other source corroborates this, or explicitly indicates that Aimar of Limoges's death was a violent one. However, Guiraut de Bornelh's planh for him, Planc e sospir, does suggest his death was unexpected.
A further reference to Philip is found in the pipe rolls for 1201 of his uncle, John, King of England: "Et Philippo f. R. Ricardi L m. de dono R.", but little is known afterwards.

In fiction

William Shakespeare depicted Philip of Cognac as "Philip the Bastard" in his play, The Life and Death of King John. In this, he is the son of Lady Faulconbridge, widow of Sir Robert Faulconbridge, and learns of his true paternity in the first scene:
In reality, Philip's mother is not known.
Another highly fictionalised version of Philip, played by Stephen Moyer, figures as the romantic hero of Princess of Thieves, a made-for-TV Disney adventure for young viewers, in which Keira Knightley plays Gwyn, the daughter of Robin Hood. This follows the tradition, begun by John Mair and popularised by Walter Scott, of assigning the Hood legends to Richard's reign. In this, Robin Hood, his daughter and the outlaws help Philip win the throne from his uncle, Prince John, and Philip and Gwyn fall in love.