Phenylpiperazine
1-Phenylpiperazine is a simple chemical compound and drug featuring a phenyl group bound to a piperazine ring. The suffix ‘-piprazole’ is sometimes used in the names of drugs to indicate they belong to this class.
It is a rigid analogue of amphetamine. Similarly to amphetamine, 1-PP is a monoamine releasing agent, with values for monoamine release of 186nM for norepinephrine, 880nM for serotonin, and 2,530nM for dopamine. Based on the preceding values, it is about 4.7-fold less potent in releasing serotonin than norepinephrine and about 13.6-fold less potent in releasing dopamine than norepinephrine. Hence, 1-PP is a modestly selective norepinephrine releasing agent, or could alternatively be thought of as an imbalanced serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent or serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent.
Other homologues and rigid analogues of amphetamine besides 1-PP include 2-aminotetralin, 2-amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene, 2-aminoindane, 1-naphthylaminopropane, 2-naphthylaminopropane,, and.
1-Phenylpiperazine shows toxicity at sufficiently high doses; its oral LD50 in rats is 210mg/kg.
Numerous derivatives of 1-PP, or substituted phenylpiperazines, exist. Some examples include meta-chlorophenylpiperazine, 3-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine, and para-methoxyphenylpiperazine.