Pemalang Regency

Pemalang Regency is a regency on the north coast of Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is the town of Pemalang. The regency is bordered by the Java Sea to the north, by Pekalongan Regency to the east, by Purbalingga Regency to the south, and by Tegal Regency to the west. It covers an area of 1,115.30 km², and it had a population of 1,261,353 at the 2010 Census and 1,471,489 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,541,685.

History

Pre Mataram

Archaeological evidence demonstrates settlement in Pemalang during prehistoric times. The findings of the punden and baths in the north-west of Moga District. Ganesha statue, phallus, graves and tombstones in the village of Keropak. Besides archaeological evidence that suggests the existence of an Islamic cultural elements can also be connected such as the grave of Sheikh Maulana Maghribi in Comal Kawedanan. There is also the grave of Rohidin, Sayyid uncle of Sunan Ampel Ngali who had a mission to convert the local population.
Pemalang's existence in the 16th century can be attributed to van Goens Rijkloff records and data in the book of W. Fruin Mees stated that in 1575 Pemalang is one of 14 independent regions in Java, led by a prince or a king. In a later development, and Panembahan Seda Senopati Panembahan Krapyak of Mataram conquered these areas, including Pemalang. Since then, Pemalang has become vassals of the Mataram area ruled by princes or vassal kings.
Pemalang and Kendal in the period before the 17th century were areas more important than Tegal, Pekalongan and Semarang, because of the highway linking the northern coast to the hinterland of Central Java that crosses Pemalang and Wiradesa, regarded as the oldest road connecting the two regions.
As the population of rural settlements that have regularly appeared in the early centuries AD to the period of the 14th and 15th centuries, and then growing rapidly in the 16th century, which increased during the development of Islam in Java under a kingdom of Demak, Cirebon and then Mataram.
At that time Pemalang had successfully established traditional governance in the years around 1575. Figure origins of Pajang named Prince Benawa. The Prince is King Jipang origin who succeeded his father who had died, Sultan Adiwijaya.
The position of the king was preceded by a bitter feud between him and Aria Pangiri.
Prince Benawa only ruled for one year. Local belief states that Prince Benawa died in Pemalang, and was buried in the village of Penggarit.

Duchy subordinate to Mataram

Pemalang into administrative territorial unit steady since R. Mangoneng, Pangonen or Mangunoneng became ruler Pemalang region centered on Hamlet Oneng, Bojongbata village in about 1622. During this period Pemalang was an appanage of Prince Purbaya of Mataram. According to some sources Mangoneng R was a figure that local leaders supporting the policy of Sultan Agung. A character who is very anti-VOC. Thus Mangoneng can be seen as a leader, soldier, warrior and hero of the nation in the fight against the Dutch colonization in the 17th century is the struggle against the Dutch under the banner of Sultan Agung of Mataram.
In about 1652, Sunan Ingabehi Subajaya Amangkurat II lifted into the Regent Pemalang after Amangkurat II established rule in Mataram throne after uprising Trunajaya extinguished with the help of the VOC in 1678.

Diponegoro War

According to the Dutch in 1820 Pemalang was then ruled by a regent named Mas Tumenggung Suralaya. At this time Pemalang was closely associated with the character Kanjeng Swargi or Kanjeng Pontang, a regent involved in the war Diponegoro. Swargi Kanjeng was also known as Gusti Sepuh, and during the war he managed to flee to the Netherlands Sigeseng or Kendaldoyong. The tomb of Gusti Sepuh can be identified as the tomb of Kanjeng Swargi or Reksodiningrat. In times of year reign between 1823 and 1825 i.e. during Reksadiningrat Regents. Note Netherlands said that the persistent assist the Dutch in the Diponegoro war in the North Coast area of Java just – regent regent Tegal, Kendal and rods without mentioning Regent Pemalang.
Meanwhile, in another part of the book P.J.F. Louw, entitled De Java Oorlog van 1825 -1830 reported that Van den Resident Poet organize some good lineup of Tegal, Pemalang and Bradford to defend themselves from Diponegoro in September 1825 until the end of January 1826. Involvement in helping the Dutch Pemalang this can be attributed with the Dutch statement stating Duke Reksodiningrat only officially recorded as regent until 1825 Pemalang. deployment and probable events that occur after the Pemalang Reksodiningrat Duke joins forces which resulted in the Dutch Diponegoro stop Regent Reksodiningrat.
In 1832 the Regent Pemalang Mbahurekso was Raden Tumenggung Sumo Negoro. At that time due to the success of abundant prosperity of agriculture in the area of Pemalang. Pemalang is a producer of rice, coffee, tobacco and peanuts. In a report published at the beginning of the 20th century, stated that Pemalang a Karisidenan department and the District of Pekalongan. Pemalang section divided into two Pemalang and Randudongkal. And the Regency was divided into 5 districts. So thus Pemalang a district name, district and Onder Karisidenan District of Pekalongan, Central Java Province.
First of all district center located in the village of Oneng. Although there are no remnants of this district, but still found another clue. Instructions in the form of a hamlet named Oneng which can still be found today in the village of Bojongbata. While all district centers are both confirmed to be in Ketandan. The remains of the building can still be seen today is around Ketandan Clinic. The third district is the center of the current district. The district is now also the rest of the buildings built by the Dutch colonial. Which subsequently went through several rehab and renovation of buildings up to forms joglo as typical building in Central Java.

Dutch colonial period and beyond

Thus all of the regency had been established as an administrative entity after the Dutch colonial administration. In bureaucracy, all district administration also continued to be addressed. From the colonial bureaucratic forms that smells feudalistic bureaucracy towards more in line with developments in the present time.

Independence

New order

1966–1967

In 1966, after the 30 September Movement ended and the 11 March Order was passed, based on the Decree of the Governor of the Central Java Region Number 204 of 1965 dated 24 August 1965, the administrative divisions in Indonesia in all districts and municipalities in Central Java comprised as many as 347 units, including Pemalang Regency with nine districts, as an amalgamation of the existing royal districts. So at that time in Pemalang Regency nine districts had been formed, as a combination of the 18 former sultanate's districts. In 1966 the Pemalang Level II Region with a population of 1,248,851 people and an area of 199,215 hectares or 1,992.15 km² still covered 3 , 9 districts, and 124 new style villages. In the same year, the construction period in Pemalang Regency had started. The first construction in 1967 was carried out on the construction of bridges, village roads, schools, waterways, irrigation canals, and markets, as well as widening of village roads, repair / renovation of bridges, roads, markets, schools, train stations and irrigation networks. In 1967, Pemalang train station began to be renovated.

1981

In 1981, based on the Decree of the Minister of Home Affairs number 140-502 of 1980 dated 22 September 1980 through the Decree of the Governor of the First Level Region of Central Java number 133-514 of 1980 dated 8 December 1980 and the Regional Regulation of the province of Central Java Number 9 In 1981 on 10 March 1981, in Pemalang Regency, fourteen urban village were formed, namely by changing the status of some villages to a kelurahan, namely six villages in Pemalang district, four villages in Taman district, two villages in Comal district, one village in Moga district, and one village in Petarukan district, all of which were designated as kelurahan.

1984

In further developments, in addition to changing the status of fourteen villages to that of kelurahan in 1984, based on the Decree of the Minister of Home Affairs number 138-210 of 1982 and Decree of the Governor of the First Level Region of Central Java number 150–216 in 1983, to be precise in Pemalang Regency, five district representative bodies were formed, namely representatives of Comal District, representatives of Moga District, representatives of Petarukan District, representatives of Belik District, and representatives of Randudongkal District.

Anniversary and Sesanti

As a top penghomatan Kabupaten Pemalang the history of the formation of local governments have agreed to give the attribute Anniversary Pemalang. It always commemorates the birth history of all districts, and also provides the nuanced values of patriotism and the values of heroism as a mirror of the people of all districts.
One alternative determination anniversary all districts was at the time a statement of Prince Diponegoro to levy war against the Dutch Colonial, which is dated 20 July 1823. However, based on the discussion of experts set up by the team all district, the so Pemalang is dated 24 January 1575, or coincide with POND Thursday 1st of Shawwal 1496 Hijri Je 982. The decision was further stipulated in Local Regulation regency of all district No. 9 of 1996 on the anniversary of all district. In 1575 to form the Solar sengkala realized Lunguding Word Wangsiting Gusti having literal meaning: wisdom, speech / Sabdo, teachings, messages, Lord, to have a value of 5751. While 1496 Je realized by Candra sengkala Tawakal Ambuko Wahananing Manunggal that have meaning literally surrender, open, vehicle / container / tools for, unity / together with having the value 6941.
As for all district Sesanti is Pancasila Kaloka Panduning Nagari, with five basic literal meaning, famous / well-known, the guidelines / guidance, country / region to have a value of 5751.