Paullinia pinnata

Paullinia pinnata is a flowering plant species in the genus of Paullinia found in South America and Africa.
The long flexible stems of P. pinnata are used to poison fish in shallow pools, as described by the English naturalist Henry Walter Bates in his book The Naturalist on the River Amazons.

Chemistry

The plant contains the ceramide paullinomide A, β-amyrin, steroids, the coumarinolignoid 2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4,5-trioxaphenanthren-6-one, 5α-poriferastane-3ß,6α-diol and l-quebrachitol. It also contains the triterpenoids lupeyl steryl ether, 3-oxo-11α-hydroxyl-20(29)lupen and the lupeol-3-isovanniloyl ester paullinoyl, and the flavone glycosides diosmetin-7-O- and tricetin-4‘-O-methyl-7-O-.

Ecology

A number of lepidopteran larvae feed on P. pinnata.