List of Roman imperial victory titles


This is a list of victory titles assumed by Roman Emperors, not including assumption of the title Imperator ; note that the Roman Emperors were not the only persons to assume victory titles. In a sense, the Imperial victory titles give a summary of which wars and which adversaries were considered significant by the senior leadership of the Roman Empire, but in some cases more opportunistic motifs play a role, even to the point of glorifying a victory that was by no means a real triumph.
Multiple grants of the same title were distinguished by ordinals, e.g. Germanicus Maximus IV, "great victor in Germania for the fourth time".

List

  • Quintus Labienus, 40-38 BC
  • *Parthicus imperator: variously interpreted, with latest research suggest the meaning "friend of Parthia"
  • Publius Ventidius Bassus, 38 BC
  • * Parthicus, victorious against Parthia
  • Nero Claudius Drusus
  • *Germanicus, post. 9BC, inherited by:
  • **Germanicus, his son
  • ***Caligula, 37–41, his grandson
  • **Claudius, 41–54, his son, on becoming Emperor in 41 AD.
  • Claudius, 41–54,
  • *Britannicus, 44
  • Vitellius, 69
  • *Germanicus, 69
  • Domitian, 81–96
  • *Germanicus, late 83
  • Nerva, 96-98
  • *Germanicus, October 97
  • Trajan, 98–117
  • *Germanicus, October 97
  • *Dacicus, 102
  • *Parthicus, 114
  • *Optimus, 114
  • Marcus Aurelius, 161–180
  • *Armeniacus, 164
  • *Medicus, 166
  • *Parthicus Maximus, 166
  • *Germanicus, 172
  • *Sarmaticus, 175
  • Lucius Verus, 161–169
  • *Armeniacus, 164
  • *Parthicus Maximus, 165
  • *Medicus, 166
  • Commodus, 177–192
  • *Germanicus, 15 October 172
  • *Sarmaticus, spring 175
  • *Germanicus Maximus, mid-182
  • *Britannicus, late 184
  • Septimius Severus, 193–211
  • *Arabicus, 195
  • *Adiabenicus, 195
  • *Parthicus Maximus, 198
  • *Britannicus Maximus, 209 or 210
  • Caracalla, 198–217
  • *Britannicus Maximus, 209 or 210
  • *Germanicus Maximus, 213
  • Maximinus Thrax, 235–238
  • *Germanicus Maximus, 235
  • Philip the Arab
  • *Germanicus Maximus, ca 247
  • *Caspicus Maximus ca 247
  • Claudius II, 268–270
  • *Gothicus Maximus, 269
  • Aurelian, 270–275
  • *Germanicus Maximus, 270 and 271
  • *Gothicus Maximus, 271
  • *Parthicus Maximus, 273
  • Tacitus, 275–276
  • *Gothicus Maximus, 276
  • Probus, 276–282
  • *Gothicus, 277
  • *Germanicus Maximus, 279
  • *Persicus Maximus, 279
  • Diocletian, 284–305
  • *Germanicus Maximus, 285, 287, 288, 293 and 301
  • *Sarmaticus Maximus, 285, 289, 294 and 300
  • *Persicus Maximus, 295 and 298
  • *Britannicus Maximus, 297
  • *Carpicus Maximus, 297
  • *Armenicus Maximus, 298
  • *Medicus Maximus, 298
  • *Adiabenicus Maximus, 298
  • Maximian, 286–305, 306–308
  • *Germanicus Maximus, 287, 288, 293 and 301
  • *Sarmaticus Maximus, 289, 294 and 300
  • *Persicus Maximus, 298
  • *Britannicus Maximus, 297
  • *Carpicus Maximus, 297
  • *Armenicus Maximus, 298
  • *Medicus Maximus, 298
  • *Adiabenicus Maximus, 298
  • Galerius Maximianus, 305–311
  • *Britannicus Maximus, 297
  • *Carpicus Maximus, six times between 297 and 308
  • Constantine I, 307–337
  • *Germanicus Maximus, 307, 308, 314 and 328
  • *Sarmaticus Maximus, 323 and 334
  • * Gothicus Maximus, 328 and 332
  • *Dacicus Maximus, 336
  • Constans, 337–350
  • *Sarmaticus
  • Valentinian III, 425-455
  • *Germanicus
  • *Alamannicus
  • *Sarmaticus
  • Marcian, 450-457
  • *Germanicus
  • *Sarmaticus
  • *Alamannicus
  • *Francicus
  • Anastasius I, 491-518
  • *Germanicus
  • *Alamannicus
  • *Francicus
  • *Sarmaticus
  • Justinian I, 527–565
  • *Alamannicus, on accession
  • *Gothicus, on accession
  • *Francicus, on accession
  • *Anticus, on accession
  • *Alanicus, on accession
  • *Vandalicus, after the Vandalic War, 534
  • *Africanus, after the Vandalic War, 534
  • Justin II, 565-578
  • *Alamannicus
  • *Gothicus
  • *Francicus
  • *Germanicus
  • *Anticus
  • *Vandalicus
  • *Africanus
  • Tiberius II Constantine, 578–582
  • *Alamannicus
  • *Gothicus
  • *Francicus
  • *Germanicus
  • *Alanicus
  • *Vandalicus
  • *Africanus
  • Maurice, 582–602
  • *Alamannicus
  • *Gothicus
  • *Anticus
  • *Alanicus
  • *Wandalicus
  • *Erullicus
  • *Gypedicus
  • *Africus
  • Heraclius, 610–641, was the last attested emperor to use ethnic victory titles until the tenth century, in 612 he proclaimed himself:
  • * Alamannicus
  • *Gothicus
  • *Francicus
  • *Germanicus
  • *Anticus
  • *Alanicus
  • *Wandalicus
  • *Africanus
  • *Erullicus
  • *Gypedicus
  • Basil II, 960–1025
  • *Scythicus, after his campaign in Bulgaria
  • Manuel I Komnenos, 1143-1180 revived the practice in 1166, with a legal basis for each of these titles:
  • *Isauricus
  • *Cilicius
  • *Armenicus
  • *Dalmaticus
  • *Ugricus
  • *Bosniacus
  • *Chorvaticus
  • *Lazicus
  • *Ibericus
  • *Bulgaricus
  • *Serbicus
  • *Zikhicus
  • *Azaricus
  • *Gothicus
  • Alexios III Megas Komnenos, 1349-1390
  • * Germanicus
  • * Alamannicus
  • * Gothicus
  • * ''Wandalicus''