Kashinawa language
Kashinawa, or Hantxa Kuin, is an Indigenous American language of western South America which belongs to the Panoan language family. It is spoken by about 1,600 Kaxinawá in Peru, along the Curanja and the Purus Rivers, and in Brazil by 400 Kaxinawá in the state of Acre.
About five to ten percent of speakers have some Spanish language proficiency, while forty percent are literate and twenty to thirty percent are literate in Spanish as a second language.
Dialects are Brazilian Kashinawa, Peruvian Kashinawa, and the extinct Juruá Kapanawa and Paranawa.
Phonology
Vowels
- In final syllables, are heard as.
- can also be heard as mid-back.
- Although nasalization is generally marked by placing a tilde over the vowel, some authors choose to mark it with a following to denote that the previous vowel or contiguous vowels are nasalised.
Consonants
- The stop consonant d may be pronounced as an alveolar flap when between two vowels, like the North American English pronunciation of in the word ladder.