Pantanos de Centla
The Pantanos de Centla are wooded wetlands along the coast in state of Tabasco in Mexico. They have been protected since 2006 with the establishment of the Pantanos de Centla Biosphere Reserve. It is also a World Wildlife Fund ecoregion.
WWF Ecoregion
The ecoregion covers an area of in the states of Tabasco and Campeche. The Centla swamps occupy the delta of the Usumacinta and Grijalva rivers, which empty into the Gulf of Mexico and the Laguna de Términos through numerous distributaries. The ecoregion includes year-round wetlands, and freshwater swamp forests which are inundated during the summer rainy season.The Usumacinta mangroves lie in the brackish-water zone between the Centla swamps and the open water of the Laguna de Términos and the Gulf. The Petén–Veracruz moist forests lie to the west and south, and the Yucatan moist forests lie to the east.
A 2017 assessment found that 5,644 km2, or 33%, of the ecoregion is in protected areas. The largest protected area is Pantanos de Centla Biosphere Reserve.
Pantanos de Centla Biosphere Reserve
Flora
In the Pantanos de Centla Biosphere Reserve was established in 2006. The reserve mostly contains semi-evergreen forest habitat. The predominant trees in the semi-evergreen forest include black olive tree and logwood, with Spondias mombin, Tabebuia rosea, Lonchocarpus hondurensis, bitter angelim, gumbo-limbo, guanandis, mahogany, and cedar. Wetland plant communities, including marshlands and freshwater swamp forests, cover over a third of the reserve. Species recorded growing in the riparian vegetation along a stream found the free-floating hydrophytes Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia auriculata; emergents such as espadaño and carrizo ; riparian shrubs and trees such as muco anona, water zapote, bolchiche, tucuy and guano palms as well as some non-native grasses.Fauna
Some large animals in the Biosphere Reserve include Morelet's crocodile, jaguar, mantled howler monkey, and tropical gar or pejelagarto.230 species of birds have been recorded in the Biosphere Reserve, of which 63% are permanent residents, 23% winter residents, 4% transitory, and 10% do not have a defined seasonality. The ecoregion's wetlands are home to many water birds, including jabiru stork, Maguari stork, boat-billed heron or páspaque, ruddy ground dove, Muscovy duck, black-bellied whistling duck, pied-billed grebe, peregrine falcon, and white ibis.
Central American river turtles occur in the reserve.