Pansophism
Pansophism, also known as pansophy, is a pedagogical concept aimed to educate humanity to a complete understanding of everything. It was proposed by Czech philosopher John Amos Comenius in the mid-1600s.
" second great interest was in furthering the Baconian attempt at the organization of all human knowledge. He became one of the leaders in the encyclopædic or pansophic movement of the seventeenth century".
Etymology
The word pansophism comes from the Greek words pansophos plus the suffix -ism.The word pansophy comes from the Greek words πᾶν 'all' and σοφία 'wisdom', which originally came from the Neo-Latin word pansophia.
The term was not originally created by Comenius, having been applied by Bartolomeo Barbaro of Padua in his De omni scibili libri quadraginta: seu Prodromus pansophiae, from the middle of the sixteenth century.
Conceptions of pansophism
General conception
The pansophic principle is one of the important principles of Comenius: that everything must be taught to everyone, or in his words "to all men and from all points of view", as a guiding basis for education. This continues the idea of universal education. According to Comenius, pansophismThe early concepts of pansophism included potentates all across Europe to do nothing but:- Open schools for all
- Support impoverished children
- Mixed gender classes
- Investment in schoolbooks
- Text and pictures in books
- Gradual complexity
- Lifelong learning
History
Educational reform
Believing that the Protestants would win and liberate Bohemia from the Habsburg Counter-Reformation, John Amos Comenius, then a minister, wrote a "Brief Proposal" advocating for full-time schooling for the youth of Bohemia and maintaining that they should be taught both their native culture and the culture of Europe whilst hiding in Leźno in 1628 with the Bohemian Brethren during the Thirty Years' War. Comenius wrote three books during this time: The Great Didactic, which focused on a reform on the education system, The School of Infancy, a book for mothers on the early years of childhood, and Janua Linguarum Reserata in 1629, which was then published in 1631. After being translated to German, the Janua became famous in Europe and was subsequently translated into a number of European and Asian languages. Comenius wrote that he was "encouraged beyond expectation" from the reception of the Janua.In 1638, Comenius responded to a request by the government of Sweden and traveled there to draw up a scheme for the management of the country's schools and by writing a series of textbooks modeled on the Janua. Comenius interpreted the request as the Swedish government entitling him to base the textbooks on a system of pansophism, which he saw as an evolved form as philosophy.
Pansophism at the time was not influential during Comenius' lifetime or afterward.