Pancasila Ideology Development Agency


The Pancasila Ideology Development Agency is a non-ministerial government agency formed by the Indonesian government in 2018 with Presidential Decree No.7/2018. The agency was tasked with the main task of preserving Pancasila, the state ideology, and its ideological development and implementation. It is the revitalisation of Presidential Unit of Pancasila Ideology Development formed in 2017.
BPIP is not related with the New Order's era Agency for Development, Education, Implementation of Guidelines for the Appreciation and Practice of Pancasila.

History

Sukarno era

As ideology unique to Indonesia, efforts to preserve, educate, and develop of Pancasila have been carried out since the 1950s. Pancasila has included in basic education system since 1950 thru issuance of Law No. 4/1950. However, in 1959, attempts for Pancasila preservation started to become skewed in practice and used as political tool for gaining the support for ruling regime. During Sukarno administration, Pancasila preservation was hampered due to Sukarno 1959 political manifesto, which introduced Manipol USDEK, short for Sukarno's interpretation of Constitution of 1945, Indonesian Socialism, guided democracy, guided economy, and Indonesia nationalism. This manifesto resulted in Pancasila mixed together with leftist ideologies and being used as tool for perpetuation of Sukarno administration. After the Manipol USDEK ideology was enshrined thru Provisional People's Consultative Assembly Resolution No. I/MPRS/1960, the resolution required the population to follow Sukarno's interpretation of Pancasila according to him and rejected any alternative interpretation. As a tool for its development, the Supreme Advisory Council was used to socialize and promote Manipol USDEK as the defacto national principle.

Suharto era

The need of Pancasila preservation become intensified after the 30 September Movement, after Suharto concluded that Pancasila was no longer practiced by Indonesian population, thus "Communism/Marxism-Leninism" was raised as contender and challenged the state ideology. By mandate of People's Consultative Assembly Resolution No. II/MPR/1978, Suharto formalized the creation of the Guidelines for the Appreciation and Practice of Pancasila as a national policy. On 26 March 1979, thru Presidential Decree No. 10/1979, the Agency for Development, Education, Implementation of Guidelines for the Appreciation and Practice of Pancasila was founded by Suharto administration to further develop Pancasila as the official national ideology. BP-7's operational structure spanned from the central government to district levels. In 1985, Suharto futher charged the BP-7 to implement the Asas tunggal Pancasila policy, ensuring that all Indonesian organizations and society in general abides with the 5 points of Pancasila and lives the values and way of life related to it.
After the beginning of reformasi in 1998, BP-7 was formally abolished by President B. J. Habibie by issuance of Presidential Decree No. 27/1999 due to its connections to Suharto - and his interpretation of the ideology, Resolution 2/MPR/1978, deemed as too authoritarian and anti-democratic, as well as unadaptable to current circumstances, in addition to the former presidency's abuse of the ideology to fight against any and all forms of dissent and opposition. With no longer have agency dedicated to preserve it, Pancasila no longer protected and threatened. Excessive freedom brought by reformasi, together with abolition of Pancasila studies in post-New Order education system also enabled other foreign ideologies to be imported to Indonesia without filter, resulted in much mixture and loss uniformity in Pancasila teaching and enabled to various interpretation of Pancasila to be exist, further threatening Pancasila as ideology and also resulted in loss of national identity and threatening national resilience.

Reformation and new agency

In his 1999 address to the People's Consultative Assembly, President B. J. Habibie stated that the old BP-7 needed to be abolished because of its autocratic treatment of Pancasila and its links to the long era of the New Order, and thus stated that a replacement was necessary, not just for it, but for the 1978 interpretation of Pancasila in order to update it to the situations of modern Indonesian society, human rights and the newly restored democracy.
18 years after dissolution of BP-7, Joko Widodo, in a belated fulfillment of Habibie's promise, issued Presidential Decree No. 54/2017, establishing the Presidential Unit of Pancasila Ideology Development. UKP-PIP later elevated to BPIP by issuance of Presidential Decree No. 7/2018.
The current agency, as its basis, provides the duty of the development, practice and application of Pancasila per the provisions of Resolution 1/PCA/2003 on the Application of Pancasila by the People's Consultative Assembly - the current official state interpretation of the dogma of Pancasila, formulated to apply lessons learned from the reformasi era of pro-democracy movements of the 90s that led to the end of the New Order.

Organizational structure

The structure of BPIP is largely based on Presidential Decree No. 7/2018. The structure is also expanded with Head of Pancasila Ideology Development Agency Decree No. 5/2021 and No. 4/2023.
  1. Office of BPIP Steering Committee
  2. #Steering Committees
  3. #Council of Experts of the BPIP Steering Committee
  4. #Special Staffs of the BPIP Steering Committee
  5. #BPIP Steering Committee Special Task Forces
  6. Executives
  7. # Office of Chairperson of BPIP
  8. # Office of Vice Chairperson of BPIP
  9. # Main Secretariat
  10. ##Bureau of Planning and Finance
  11. ##*Division of Finance
  12. ##**Subdivision of Financial Governance and Organization Treasury
  13. ##**Subdivision of Accountancy and Financial Reporting
  14. ##**Subdivision of Bureau of Planning and Finance Administration
  15. ##Bureau of Law and Organization
  16. ##*Division of Legal Drafting
  17. ##*Division of Organization and Governance Affairs
  18. ##**Subdivision of Organization Affairs
  19. ##**Subdivision of Bureaucracy Governance and Reform
  20. ##**Subdivision of Bureau of Law and Organization Administration
  21. ##Bureau of General Affairs and Human Resources
  22. ##*Division of State Property Management, Procurement Services, and Household Affairs
  23. ##**Subdivision of State Property Management
  24. ##**Subdivision of Procurement Services
  25. ##**Subdivision of Household Affairs
  26. ##*Division of Human Resources Affairs
  27. ##**Subdivision of Human Resources Affairs
  28. ##**Subdivision of Planning and Management of Human Resource Performances
  29. ##**Subdivision of Employee Transfer and Human Resource Development
  30. ##**Subdivision of Bureau of General Affairs and Human Resources Administration
  31. ##Bureau of Leadership Facilitation, Public Relation, and Administration Affairs
  32. ##*Division of Leadership Facilitation
  33. ##**Subdivision of Facilitation of Steering Committee and Head
  34. ##**Subdivision of Facilitation of Vice Head, Expert Staffs of Steering Committee, Council of Experts, and Expert Groups
  35. ##**Subdivision of Protocol, Material Facilitation, and Leadership Meeting Organizer
  36. ##*Division of Public Relation Affairs
  37. ##**Subdivision of Media Relation and Public Complaints
  38. ##*Division of Administration and Archival Affairs
  39. ##**Subdivision of Main Secretariat Administration
  40. ##**Subdivision of Deputy I Administration
  41. ##**Subdivision of Deputy II Administration
  42. ##**Subdivision of Deputy III Administration
  43. ##**Subdivision of Deputy IV Administration
  44. ##**Subdivision of Deputy V Administration
  45. ##**Subdivision of Bureau of Leadership Facilitation, Public Relation, and Administration Affairs Administration
  46. ##**Subdivision of Correspondence and Archives
  47. ##Bureau of Internal Supervision
  48. ##*Subdivision of Bureau of Internal Supervision Administration
  49. # Deputy I
  50. ##Directorate of Relationship between Institutions
  51. ##Directorate of Socialization and Communication
  52. ##Directorate of Networking and Cultural Cultivation
  53. # Deputy II
  54. ##Directorate of Analysis and Harmonization
  55. ##Directorate of Advocation
  56. ##Directorate of Formulation of Policies and Regulations Recommendation
  57. # Deputy III
  58. ##Directorate of Policy Studies of Pancasila Ideology Development
  59. ##Directorate of Studies of Pancasila Ideology Development Material
  60. ##Directorate of Assessment of Pancasila Ideology Development Implementation
  61. # Deputy IV
  62. ##Directorate of Planning, Standardization, and Curriculum Affairs of Ideological Education and Training
  63. ##Directorate of National Flag Hoisting Troop Program
  64. ##Directorate of Education and Training Execution
  65. # Deputy V
  66. ##Directorate of Control
  67. ##Directorate of Evaluation
  68. ##Directorate of Pancasila Institutionalization Measurement
  69. # Data and Information Center
  70. #*Subdivision of Data and Information Center Administration
  71. # Expert Groups
  72. ## Expert Group on Religion, Philosophy, Ideology, and Cultures
  73. ## Expert Group on Law, Politics, and Governance
  74. ## Expert Group on Social Affairs, Economy, and Technology
  75. ## Expert Group on Language, Education, Arts and Design, Information, and Communications
  76. ## Expert Group on Defense, Security, and International Relations

Issues

Connection with BRIN

With the enforcement of Presidential Decree No. 33/2021, the National Research and Innovation Agency also coordinated with Pancasila Ideology Development Agency. Both agency initially shared the same Steering Committee. With the revision of the BRIN constituting document thru Presidential Decree No. 78/2021, the BRIN Steering Committee altered, and save only the Head of BRIN Steering Committee position to be filled with the Head of BPIP Steering Committee, while other steering committee now mixed from Ministry of Finance, Ministry of National Development Planning, academicians, and professionals.

BPIP Involvement in 2022 Curriculum Reform

For 2022 Curriculum Reform, BPIP developed Pancasila education materials. 15 Pancasila learning books were produced, as result of BPIP research and development. The materials designed for cover Pancasila education for Early Childhood Education, Elementary Education, Junior High Education, Middle High Education and Vocational Education, and Higher Education level. The books launched on 1 June 2022.
In occasion of 2022 Pancasila Day celebration, on 3 June 2022, Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology announced that Pancasila studies officially returned to all level of Indonesia education system after being removed since reformasi. The ministry, through its Agency of Education Standards, Curriculum, and Assessments announced that the books will be used for new mandatory course Pancasila studies, replaced the previous modeled civic studies course.