Assimineidae


Assimineidae is a family of small snails, also known as palmleaf snails, with an operculum, gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the superfamily Truncatelloidea. Many of these very small snails live in intermediate habitats, being amphibious between saltwater and land; others live in freshwater.

Distribution

The distribution of the Assimineidae is worldwide. The oldest fossils are known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber.

Ecology

Various species in this family occur in estuarine habitats, in salt marshes and in freshwater. Some are terrestrial or amphibious.

Description

The shell is small to medium large, more or less egg-conelike shaped. The apertural margin is simple. The operculum is in most cases horny.
Species in this family are characterized by rudimentary cephalic tentacles, a trunklike snout, a foot with a groove and rudimentary to absent ctenidium.

Taxonomy

The following three subfamilies were recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):
  • Subfamily Assimineidae H. Adams & A. Adams, 1856 - synonym: Synceratidae Bartsch, 1920
  • Subfamily Ekadantinae Thiele, 1929 - synonyms: Paludinellidae Kobelt, 1878 ; Cyclotropidae Iredale, 1941
  • Subfamily Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927 - Realiinae L. Pfeiffer, 1853 ; Adelomorphinae Kobelt, 1906 ; Garrettiinae Kobelt, 1906; Pseudocyclotini Thiele, 1929; Thaanumellinae Clench, 1946; Tutuilanidae Hubendick, 1952

Genera

Genera in the family Assimineidae include:
Genus † Laternoides W. Yu & Y.-H. Xi, 1977
subfamily AssimineinaeAngustassiminea Habe, 1943Assiminea Fleming, 1828 - type genus of Assimineidae, synonym: AssiminiaAustropilula Thiele, 1927Aviassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2003Conassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2006Cryptassiminea Fukuda & Ponder, 2005Euassiminea Heude, 1882Macrassiminea Thiele, 1927Ovassiminea Thiele, 1927Pseudomphala Heude, 1882Sculptassiminea Thiele, 1927
subfamily EkadantinaeAcmella Blanford, 1869Cavernacmella Habe, 1942Cyclotropis Tapparone Canefri, 1883Ekadanta Rao, 1928Metassiminea Thiele, 1927Optediceros Leith, 1853Paludinella Pfeiffer, 1841Rugapedia Fukuda & Ponder, 2004Solenomphala Heude, 1882Taiwanassiminea Kuroda & Habe, 1950
subfamily Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927 Allepithema Tomlin, 1931Anaglyphula B. Rensch, 1932Atropis Pease, 1871Austroassiminea Solem, Girardi, Slack-Smith & Kendrick, 1982Balambania Crosse, 1891Chalicopoma Möllendorff, 1894Conacmella Thiele, 1925Crossilla Thiele, 1927Cyclomorpha Pease, 1871Ditropisena Iredale, 1933Duritropis Iredale, 1944Electrina Baird, 1850Eussoia Preston, 1912Fijianella C. M. Cooke & Clench, 1943Garrettia Paetel, 1873Kubaryia Clench, 1948Leucostele Thiele, 1927Limborelia Iredale, 1944Nesopoma Clench, 1958Omphalotropis Pfeiffer, 1851 - type genus of the subfamily OmphalotropidinaeOpinorelia Iredale, 1944Paludinellassiminea Habe, 1994Ponapella Clench, 1946Pseudassiminea Thiele, 1927Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894Pseudogibbula Dautzenberg, 1890Quadrasiella Moellendorff, 1894Rapanella Cooke & Clench, 1943Rupacilla Thiele, 1927Scalinella Pease, 1867Schuettiella Brandt, 1974Setaepoma Clench, 1955Spiratropis Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1900Suterilla Thiele, 1927Sychnotropis Möllendorff, 1898Telmosena Iredale, 1944Thaanumella Clench, 1946Turbacmella Thiele, 1927Tutuilana Hubendick, 1952Wrayanna Clench, 1948
;incertae sedis:
;Synonyms:Adelomorpha Tapparone Canefri, 1886: synonym of Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894 Adelostoma E. A. Smith, 1885: synonym of Pseudocyclotus Thiele, 1894 Assemania Dollfus, 1912: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828 Assimania: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828 Assiminella Monterosato, 1906: synonym of Paludinella L. Pfeiffer, 1841 Assiminia J. Fleming, 1828: synonym of Assiminea J. Fleming, 1828 Diadema Pease, 1868: synonym of Garrettia Paetel, 1873 Dramelia Iredale, 1941: synonym of Acmella W. T. Blanford, 1869 Heteropoma Möllendorff, 1894: synonym of Allepithema Tomlin, 1931 Paludinassiminea Matsubayashi & Habe, 1990: synonym of Solenomphala Heude, 1882
  • Tribe Pseudocyclotini Thiele, 1929: synonym of Omphalotropidinae Thiele, 1927Scalinella Pease, 1868: synonym of Omphalotropis L. Pfeiffer, 1851Stenotropis Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1898: synonym of Omphalotropis Kobelt & Möllendorff, 1898 represented as Omphalotropis L. Pfeiffer, 1851Syncera Gray, 1821