101st United States Congress
The 101st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1989, to January 3, 1991, during the final weeks of Ronald Reagan's presidency and the first two years of George H. W. Bush's presidency.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1980 United States census. Both chambers maintained a Democratic majority.
Major events
- January 20, 1989: George H. W. Bush became President of the United States
- February 9, 1989: President Bush addressed a joint session of Congress
- February 23, 1989: Senate Armed Services Committee rejected President Bush's nomination of John Tower for [United States Secretary of the United States Senate|Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]
- March 24, 1989: Exxon Valdez oil spill
- December 20, 1989: Operation Just Cause launched to overthrow Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega
Major legislation
Enacted
- April 10, 1989: Whistleblower Protection Act,,
- August 9, 1989: Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989,,
- October 28, 1989: Flag Protection Act of 1989,,
- May 22, 1990: Biological Weapons Anti-Terrorism Act of 1989,,
- July 26, 1990: Americans with Disabilities Act,,
- August 18, 1990: Oil Pollution Act of 1990,,
- August 18, 1990: Ryan White CARE Act of 1990,,
- September 25, 1990: Hotel and Motel Fire Safety Act of 1990,,
- October 30, 1990: Native American Languages Act of 1990,,
- October 30, 1990: Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990.,
- November 5, 1990: Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990,,
- November 12, 1990: Water Resources Development Act of 1990,
- November 15, 1990: Administrative Dispute Resolution Act,,
- November 15, 1990: Spark M. Matsunaga Hydrogen Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1990,,
- November 16, 1990: Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act,,
- November 16, 1990: Global Change Research Act of 1990,,
- November 28, 1990: Tongass Timber Reform Act,
- November 28, 1990: Food and Drug Administration Revitalization Act,,
- November 29, 1990: Negotiated Rulemaking Act,,
- November 29, 1990: Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990,,
- November 29, 1990: Immigration Act of 1990,,
- November 29, 1990: Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990,,
- December 1, 1990: Judicial Improvements Act of 1990,,
Vetoed
- October 22, 1990: Civil Rights Act of 1990,. Override attempt failed in Senate, 66-34.
Treaties ratified
- March 1, 1989: Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, an international treaty on copyrights, ratified
Leadership
Senate
- President: George H. W. Bush, until January 20, 1989
- * Dan Quayle, from January 20, 1989
- President pro tempore: Robert Byrd
Democratic majority
- Majority Leader: George J. Mitchell
- Majority Whip: Alan Cranston
- Policy Committee Co-Chair: Harry Reid
- Democratic Caucus Secretary: David Pryor
- Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: John Breaux
- Chief Deputy Whip: Alan J. Dixon
Republican minority
- Minority Leader: Bob Dole
- Minority Whip: Alan K. Simpson
- Republican Conference Chairman: John Chafee
- Republican Conference Secretary: Thad Cochran
- National Senatorial Committee Chair: Don Nickles
- Policy Committee Chairman: William L. Armstrong
House of Representatives
- Speaker: Jim Wright, until June 6, 1989
- * Tom Foley, from June 6, 1989
Democratic majority
- Majority Leader: Tom Foley, until June 6, 1989
- * Dick Gephardt, from June 6, 1989
- Majority Whip: Tony Coelho, until June 15, 1989
- * William H. Gray III, from June 15, 1989
- Chief Deputy Majority Whip: David Bonior
- Democratic Caucus Chairman: William H. Gray III, until June 15, 1989
- * Steny Hoyer, from June 15, 1989
- Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman: Steny Hoyer, until June 21, 1989
- * Vic Fazio, from June 21, 1989
- Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Beryl Anthony Jr.
Republican minority
- Minority Leader: Robert H. Michel
- Minority Whip: Dick Cheney, until March 20, 1989
- * Newt Gingrich, from March 20, 1989
- Chief Deputy Whip: Robert Smith Walker
- Republican Conference Chairman: Jerry Lewis
- Republican Conference Vice-Chairman: Bill McCollum
- Republican Conference Secretary: Vin Weber
- Policy Committee Chairman: Mickey Edwards
- Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Guy Vander Jagt
Caucuses
- Congressional Arts Caucus
- Congressional Automotive Caucus
- Biomedical Research Caucus
- Congressional Black Caucus
- Congressional Fire Services Caucus
- Congressional Friends of Ireland Caucus
- Congressional Hispanic Caucus
- Congressional Pediatric & Adult Hydrocephalus Caucus
- Congressional Travel & Tourism Caucus
- Congresswomen's Caucus
- House Democratic Caucus
- Senate Democratic Caucus
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.Senate
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1990; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1992; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1994.Delaware">List of United States senators from Delaware">Delaware
Kansas">List of United States senators from Kansas">Kansas
Mississippi">List of United States senators from Mississippi">Mississippi
New York">List of United States senators from New York">New York
South Carolina">List of United States senators from South Carolina">South Carolina
West Virginia">List of United States senators from West Virginia">West Virginia
House of Representatives
The names of representatives are preceded by their district numbers.Delaware">List of United States representatives from Delaware">Delaware
Kansas">List of United States representatives from Kansas">Kansas
Mississippi">List of United States representatives from Mississippi">Mississippi
New York">List of United States representatives from New York">New York
South Carolina">List of United States representatives from South Carolina">South Carolina
West Virginia">List of United States representatives from West Virginia">West Virginia
Committees
Senate
- Aging (Special)
- [United States Senate Committee on United States House Committee on Agriculture|Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry|Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry]
- * Agriculture Credit
- * Agricultural Production and Stabilization of Prices
- * Agricultural Research and General Legislation
- * Conservation and Forestry
- * Domestic, Foreign Marketing and Product Promotion
- * Nutrition and Investigations
- * Rural Development and Rural Electrification
- Appropriations
- * Agriculture and Related Agencies
- * Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary
- * Defense
- * District of Columbia
- * Energy and Water Development
- * Foreign Operations
- * HUD-Independent Agencies
- * Interior and Related Agencies
- * Labor, Health, Human Services, Education and Related Agencies
- * Legislative Branch
- * Military Construction
- * Transportation and Related Agencies
- * Treasury, Postal Service and General Government
- Armed Services
- * Strategic Forces and Nuclear Detterence
- * Conventional Forces and Alliance Defense
- * Projection Forces and Regional Defense
- * Defense Industry and Technology
- * Readiness, Sustainability and Support
- * Manpower and Personnel
- Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs
- * Housing and Urban Affairs
- * International Finance and Monetary Policy
- * Securities
- * Consumer and Regulatory Affairs
- Budget
- Commerce, Science and Transportation
- * Aviation
- * Communications
- * Consumer
- * Foreign Commerce and Tourism
- * Merchant Marine
- * Science, Technology and Space
- * Surface Transportation
- * National Ocean Policy Study
- Energy and Natural Resources
- * Energy Regulation and Conservation
- * Energy Research and Development
- * Natural Resources Development and Production
- * Public Lands, National Parks and Forests
- * Water and Power
- Environment and Public Works
- * Environmental Protection
- * Nuclear Regulation
- * Superfund, Ocean and Water Protection
- * Toxic Substances, Environmental Oversight, Research and Development
- * Water Resources, Transportation and Infrastructure
- Ethics (Select)
- Finance
- * Energy and Agricultural Taxation
- * Health for Families and the Uninsured
- * International Debt
- * International Trade
- * Medicare and Long Term Care
- * Private Retirement Plans and Oversight of the Internal Revenue Service
- * Social Security and Family Policy
- * Taxation and Debt Management
- Foreign Relations
- * African Affairs
- * East Asian and Pacific Affairs
- * European Affairs
- * International Economic Policy, Trade, Oceans and Environment
- * Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs
- * Terrorism, Narcotics and International Communications
- * Western Hemisphere and Peace Corps Affairs
- Governmental Affairs
- * Federal Services, Post Office and Civil Service
- * General Services, Federalism and the District of Columbia
- * Government Information and Regulation
- * Oversight of Government Management
- * Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations
- Indian Affairs (Select)
- Judiciary
- * Antitrust, Monopolies and Business Rights
- * Courts and Administration Practice
- * Constitution
- * Immigration and Refugee Affairs
- * Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks
- * Technology and the Law
- Impeachment of Alcee L. Hastings
- Impeachment of Walter L. Nixon
- Intelligence (Select)
- Labor and Human Resources
- * Aging
- * Children, Family, Drugs and Alcoholism
- * Education, Arts and Humanities
- * Employment and Productivity
- * Handicapped
- * Labor
- Nutrition and Human Needs (Select)
- [United States Senate Committee on United States House Committee on Rules|Rules and Administration|Rules and Administration]
- Small Business
- * Competition and Antitrust Enforcement
- * Export Expansion
- * Government Contracting and Paperwork Reduction
- * Innovation, Technology and Productivity
- * Rural Economy and Family Farming
- * Urban and Minority-Owned Business Development
- Veterans' Affairs
House of Representatives
- Aging (Select)
- Agriculture
- * Conservation, Credit and Rural Development
- * Cotton, Rice and Sugar
- * Department Operations, Research and Foreign Agriculture
- * Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations and Nutrition
- * Forests, Family Farms and Energy
- * Livestock, Dairy and Poultry
- * Tobacco and Peanuts
- * Wheat, Soybeans and Feed Grains
- Appropriations
- * Commerce, Justice, State and the Judiciary
- * Defense
- * District of Columbia
- * Energy and Water Development
- * Foreign Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs
- * Interior and Related Agencies
- * Labor, Health, Human Services, Education and Related Agencies
- * Legislative
- * Military Construction
- * Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies
- * Transportation
- * Treasury, Postal Service and General Government
- * VA, HUD and Independent Agencies
- Armed Services
- * Investigations
- * Military Installations and Facilities
- * Military Personnel and Compensation
- * Procurement and Military Nuclear Systems
- * Readiness
- * Research and Development
- * Seapower, Strategic and Critical Materials
- Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs
- * Consumer Affairs and Coinage
- * Domestic Monetary Policy
- * Economic Stabilization
- * Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance
- * General Oversight and Investigations
- * International Development, Finance, Trade and Monetary Policy
- * Housing and Community Development
- * Policy Research and Insurance
- Budget
- * on the Budget Process, Reconciliation and Enforcement
- * Community Development and Natural Resources
- * Defense, Foreign Policy and Space
- * Urgent Fiscal Issues
- * Human Resources
- * Economic Policy, Projections and Revenues
- Children, Youth and Families (Select)
- District of Columbia
- * Fiscal Affairs and Health
- * Government Operations and Metropolitan Affairs
- * Judiciary and Education
- Education and Labor
- * Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education
- * Employment Opportunities
- * Health and Safety
- * Human Resources
- * Labor-Management Relations
- * Labor Standards
- * Postsecondary Education
- * Select Education
- Energy and Commerce
- * Commerce, Transportation and Competitiveness
- * Energy and Power
- * Health and the Environment
- * Oversight and Investigations
- * Telecommunications and Finance
- * Transportation and Hazardous Materials
- Foreign Affairs
- * Africa
- * Arms Control, International Security and Science
- * Asian and Pacific Affairs
- * Europe and the Middle East
- * Human Rights and International Organizations
- * International Economic Policy and Trade
- * International Operations
- * Western Hemisphere Affairs
- Government Operations
- * Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs
- * Employment and Housing
- * Environment, Energy and Natural Resources
- * Government Activities and Transportation
- * Government Information, Justice and Agriculture
- * Human Resources and Ingovernmental Relations
- * Legislation and National Security
- House Administration
- * Accounts
- * Elections
- * Libraries and Memorials
- * Office Systems
- * Personnel and Police
- * Procurement and Printing
- * Task Force on Legislative Service Organizations
- Hunger (Select)
- Interior and Insular Affairs
- * Energy and the Environment
- * General Oversight, Northwest Power and Forest Management
- * Insular and International Affairs
- * Mining and Natural Resources
- * National Parks and Public Lands
- * Water and Power Resources and Offshore Energy Resources
- Judiciary
- * Administrative Law and Governmental Relations
- * Civil and Constitutional Rights
- * Crime
- * Courts, Intellectual Property and the Administration of Justice
- * Criminal Justice
- * Economic and Commercial Law
- * Immigration, Refugees and International Law
- Merchant Marine and Fisheries
- * Coast Guard and Navigation
- * Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment
- * Merchant Marine
- * Oceangraphy
- * Oversight and Investigations
- * Panama Canal and Outer Continental Stuff
- Narcotics Abuse and Control (Select)
- Post Office and Civil Service
- * Census and Population
- * Civil Service
- * Compensation and Employee Benefits
- * Human Resources
- * Investigations
- * Postal Operations and Services
- * Postal Personnel and Modernization
- Public Works and Transportation
- * Aviation
- * Economic Development
- * Investigations and Oversight
- * Public Buildings and Grounds
- * Surface Transportation
- * Water Resources
- Rules
- * Rules of the House
- * The Legislative Process
- Science and Technology
- * Energy Research and Development
- * Investigations and Oversight
- * International Scientific Cooperation
- * Natural Resources, Agriculture Research and Environment
- * Science, Research and Technology
- * Space Science and Applications
- * Transportation, Aviation and Materials
- Small Business
- * Antitrust, Impact of Deregulation and Privatization
- * Environment and Labor
- * Exports, Tax Policy and Special Problems
- * Procurement, Tourism and Minority Enterprise Development
- * Regulation, Business Opportunity and Energy
- * SBA, the General Economy and Minority Enterprise Development
- Standards of Official Conduct
- Veterans' Affairs
- * Hospitals and Health Care
- * Compensation, Pension and Insurance
- * Oversight and Investigations
- * Education, Training and Employment
- * Housing and Memorial Affairs
- Ways and Means
- * Health
- * Human Resources
- * Oversight
- * Select Revenue Measures
- * Social Security
- * Trade
- Whole
Joint committees
Employees
Legislative branch agency">List of federal agencies in the United States">Legislative branch agency directors
- Architect of the Capitol: George Malcolm White
- Attending Physician of the United States Congress: William Narva, until 1990
- * Robert Krasner, from 1990
- Comptroller General of the United States: Charles A. Bowsher
- Director of the Congressional Budget Office: James L. Blum Jr., until March 6, 1989
- * Robert D. Reischauer, from March 6, 1989
- Librarian of Congress: James H. Billington
- Public Printer of the United States: vacant, until 1990
- * Robert Houk, from 1990
Senate
- Chaplain: Richard C. Halverson
- Historian: Richard A. Baker
- Parliamentarian: Alan Frumin
- Curator: James R. Ketchum
- Secretary: Walter J. Stewart
- Librarian: Roger K. Haley
- Secretary for the Majority: C. Abbott Saffold
- Secretary for the Minority: Howard O. Greene Jr.
- Sergeant at Arms: Henry K. Giugni, until December 31, 1990; vacant thereafter
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: James David Ford
- Clerk: Donnald K. Anderson
- Doorkeeper: James T. Molloy
- Historian: Ray Smock
- Reading Clerks: Meg Goetz and Paul Hays along with Bob Berry
- Parliamentarian: William H. Brown
- Postmaster: Robert V. Rota
- Sergeant at Arms: Jack Russ