Oksana Chusovitina
Oksana Aleksandrovna Chusovitina is an Uzbekistani artistic gymnast who previously represented the Soviet Union and Germany.
Chusovitina's career as an elite gymnast has spanned more than three decades. She won the USSR Junior Nationals in 1988 and began competing at the international level in 1989 before many of her current rivals were even born. She is the only gymnast ever to compete in eight Olympic Games, and is one of only two female gymnasts to compete at the Olympics under three different national teams: the Unified Team in 1992; Uzbekistan in 1996, 2000, 2004, 2016 and 2020; and Germany in 2008 and 2012. She is one of the 18 Olympians and 6 female Olympians to participate in 8 different Olympics. Chusovitina's longevity and consistency as an elite gymnast is exceptionally unusual; the skillset and wear and tear typical of the sport mean elite female gymnasts have often retired in their early twenties and a gymnast in her late twenties would be considered a seasoned veteran.
Chusovitina has also competed in 16 World Championships, four Asian Games, and three Goodwill Games. Chusovitina holds the record for the most individual world championship medals in a single event. Chusovitina is one of the few female gymnasts to return to international competitions after becoming a mother. In 2017, she was inducted into the International Gymnastics Hall of Fame.
Soviet Union
Chusovitina began gymnastics in 1982. In 1988, at the age of 13, she won the all-around title at the USSR National Championships in the junior division.By 1990, Chusovitina was a vital member of the Soviet team, and was sent to compete in various international meets. She was the vault gold medalist at the 1990 Goodwill Games and nearly swept the 1990 World Sports Fair in Japan, winning the all-around and every event except the uneven bars. The following year she won the floor exercise at the 1991 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships and placed second on the vault. In 1992, Chusovitina competed at the Olympics with the Unified Team, shared in the team gold medal and placed seventh in the floor final. She also won her second World Championships vault medal, a bronze.
Uzbekistan
After the 1992 Olympics, when the former Soviet gymnasts returned to their home republics, Chusovitina began competing for Uzbekistan and continued training with Uzbekistan head coach Svetlana Kuznetsova, also her personal coach. Conditions at the national training facility in Tashkent were far worse than the Soviet Round Lake training center, so Chusovitina practiced on antiquated, and in some cases, unsafe equipment. In spite of this setback, she was able to consistently produce world-class routines.Chusovitina represented Uzbekistan from 1993 to 2006, and competed for them at the 1996, 2000, and 2004 Olympics, the 1994, 1998, and 2002 Asian Games, and the 1994 and 2001 Goodwill Games. During this era, she was the strongest gymnast on the Uzbekistan national team, earning more than 70 medals in international competitions and qualifying to the Olympics three times.
For her contributions to gymnastics, Chusovitina was granted the title of "Honored Athlete of the Republic of Uzbekistan" by the Uzbekistan Ministry of Cultural and Sports Affairs. In 2001, she was named as the first WAG representative to the International Gymnastics Federation 's Athletes' Commission. In addition, Chusovitina graduated from the Sports University in Tashkent.
In late 1997, Chusovitina married Uzbek Olympic wrestler Bakhodir Kurbanov, whom she first met at the 1994 Asian Games in Hiroshima. The couple's son, Alisher, was born in November 1999.
Germany
In 2002, Chusovitina's son, Alisher, was diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Seeking advanced medical treatment for their son, Chusovitina and her husband accepted an offer of help from Shanna and Peter Brüggemann, head coaches of the Toyota Cologne club, and moved to Germany. With prize money earned from gymnastics competitions, along with the help of the Brüggemanns and members of the international gymnastics community who fundraised and donated to the cause, Chusovitina was able to secure treatment for Alisher at the University of Cologne's hospital. While Alisher underwent treatment in Cologne, Chusovitina trained with the German team.Uzbekistan released Chusovitina to compete for Germany in 2003. However, due to rules requiring three years of residency, she was unable to gain German citizenship immediately. From 2003 to 2006 she trained in Germany but continued to compete for Uzbekistan, representing her native country at the 2003 and 2005 World Championships and the 2004 Olympics. In 2003, 12 years after her world championships debut, Chusovitina won the gold medal on the vault at that year's world championships in Anaheim.
In 2006, Chusovitina obtained German citizenship. Her first competition for Germany was the 2006 World Championships, where she won a bronze medal on the vault and placed ninth in the all-around.
In July 2007, she won the all-around title at the 2007 German National Championships. At her first European Championships, she placed second on the vault. At the 2007 World Championships in Stuttgart, Chusovitina helped the German squad to a 10th-place finish in the preliminary round, which qualified them to send a full team to the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, where she was the oldest female competitor in her discipline. She qualified for the vault event final where she finished in 2nd place, thus earning the first individual Olympic medal of her career.
Chusovitina competed on three events at the 2008 Women's European Championships in Clermont-Ferrand, France, helping the German team to a seventh-place finish in the team finals. In the vault event final, she defeated reigning European champion Carlotta Giovannini to win the gold medal.
At the 2008 Olympics, the German team placed 12th in the qualifying round of competition. Chusovitina qualified to the individual all-around final, where she placed ninth overall. She also qualified in fourth place for the vault final. In the vault final, she won the silver medal with a score of 15.575.
Despite earlier claims that she would attempt to compete in the London 2012 Summer Olympics, Chusovitina announced in April 2009 that she intended to only participate in the 2009 World Gymnastics Championships in October, and that she would not continue. The championships, she stated, are "enough."
However, she returned to compete in some competitions in 2010. She won the silver medal on vault at the 2011 European Championships, the 2011 World Championships and the 2012 European Championships.
Chusovitina competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics for Germany. The games were a remarkable sixth Olympics for Chusovitina, who qualified for the vault final where she placed in fifth behind her German teammate, Janine Berger. Afterward Chusovitina declared she would retire as a gymnast and concentrate on coaching.
However, instead of retiring, Chusovitina switched back to competing for Uzbekistan. She competed at the 2016 and 2020 Olympics. She has stated her goal is to win an Olympic medal on vault for Uzbekistan, because she’s already won medals for the Unified Team and Germany, but not for her home country.
Recent years
Despite her statements about retirement in 2012, Chusovitina returned to gymnastics the following year and announced plans to continue competing through the Rio 2016 Summer Olympics. In April 2016, she qualified an individual place for Uzbekistan at a qualifying event in Rio de Janeiro. Upon competing in Rio, she set a record as the oldest gymnast to ever compete at the Olympic Games at the age of 41 and 2 months. She also became the first and only gymnast to compete in seven consecutive Olympiads, surpassing the record of six she set in 2012 with Yordan Yovchev of Bulgaria. Following the 2016 Olympics, Chusovitina announced that she intended to compete in the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo.In 2017, she was elected to serve once again as the WAG athlete representative for the FIG athlete's commission, serving through 2021.
After competing solely on vault for several years, Chusovitina announced in 2018 that she would begin competing all-around again.
Chusovitina competed at the 2019 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in order to qualify for Tokyo. During qualifications, she fell on her second vault and on balance beam. Despite these errors, she ranked high enough in the all-around standings to secure one of the last all-around berths to the Olympics from that event. She was selected as a flag bearer for Uzbekistan at the 2020 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, but was replaced just few hours before the ceremony. She then went on to compete in the vault finals, though she didn’t place.
Despite initially stating that she would retire following the delayed 2020 Olympic Games, Chusovitina later stated she would return to training for the 2022 Asian Games, which was postponed indefinitely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. She then won a gold medal on vault at 2022 Doha World Cup Event and the 2022 Uzbekistan National Championships. When asked how the postponement of the Asian games would influence her training plans, she stated that her goal was to continue training and compete in the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris, France. Chusovitina competed at the postponed Islamic Solidarity Games in 2022 alongside Dildora Aripova and Ominakhon Khalilova. They finished second as a team behind Turkey. Chusovitina won gold on vault. Having medaled in three of four World Cups in 2022, Chusovitina earned the World Cup series title on Vault, a feat she repeated in 2023. In March 2024, she competed in two World Cup championships, first placing 23rd on vault, which disqualified her from being selected as an apparatus specialist for the 2024 Olympics, meaning she would have to qualify through her all-around score at the Asian Gymnastics Championships in late May. Later in the month, she placed second on vault behind Tjaša Kysselef. In April, she claimed the Uzbekistan national title in the all-around competition. On 23 May, Chusovitina announced she was withdrawing from competition following an injury that occurred during training.
In March 2024, Chusovitina "opened a combination school and gymnastics academy in Tashkent... that she said is free for children."
Eponymous skills
Chusovitina has five eponymous skills in the Code of Points.| Apparatus | Name | Description | Difficulty |
| Vault | Chusovitina | Handspring forward on - piked salto forward with 1/1 turn off | 4.4 |
| Vault | Chusovitina | Handspring forward on - stretched salto forward with 1½ turn off | 5.4 |
| Uneven bars | Chusovitina | Giant circle backward to handstand with hop 1/1 turn in handstand phase | D |
| Uneven bars | Chusovitina | Swing forward to double salto backward tucked with 1/1 turn in second salto | D |
| Floor exercise | Chusovitina-Touzhikova | Double salto backward stretched with 1/1 turn | H |
Competitive history
| Year | Event | Team | AA | VT | UB | BB | FX |
| 1988 | USSR Championships | ||||||
| 1989 | Cottbus International | 9 | |||||
| 1990 | Goodwill Games | ||||||
| 1990 | World Sports Fair | ||||||
| 1990 | USSR Cup | ||||||
| 1990 | USSR Championships | 6 | |||||
| 1991 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1991 | World Championships | ||||||
| 1991 | Chunichi Cup | 8 | |||||
| 1991 | USSR Championships | 4 | |||||
| 1991 | Blume Memorial | 8 | |||||
| 1992 | World Stars | 15 | |||||
| 1992 | World Championships | 7 | |||||
| 1992 | Olympic Games | 7 | |||||
| 1993 | DTB Cup | 4 | |||||
| 1993 | Kosice International | ||||||
| 1993 | Massilia Gym Cup | ||||||
| 1993 | World Championships | 18 | 8 | ||||
| 1994 | Swiss Cup | 6 | 5 | ||||
| 1994 | Goodwill Games | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | ||
| 1994 | Asian Games | 4 | 4 | ||||
| 1995 | Cottbus International | 5 | 5 | 5 | |||
| 1995 | DTB Cup | 4 | 5 | 4 | |||
| 1995 | World Championships | 19 | 6 | ||||
| 1995 | Arthur Gander Memorial | ||||||
| 1995 | Swiss Cup | ||||||
| 1996 | American Cup | ||||||
| 1996 | International Mixed Pairs | ||||||
| 1996 | Cottbus International | 4 | 5 | 7 | |||
| 1996 | DTB Cup | 4 | 4 | ||||
| 1996 | Arthur Gander Memorial | ||||||
| 1996 | Swiss Cup | ||||||
| 1996 | Olympic Games | 10 | |||||
| 1997 | American Cup | 4 | |||||
| 1997 | World Stars | 6 | |||||
| 1997 | Cottbus International | ||||||
| 1998 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1998 | Asian Games | 4 | 8 | 6 | |||
| 1998 | Arthur Gander Memorial | ||||||
| 2000 | 2001–2002 FIG [Artistic Gymnastics World Cup series|DTB Cup] | 4 | 4 | ||||
| 2000 | Olympic Games | 45 | 25 | ||||
| 2001 | World Stars | ||||||
| 2001 | 2001–2002 FIG Artistic [Gymnastics World Cup series|Cottbus World Cup] | 5 | |||||
| 2001 | DTB Cup | 7 | 4 | ||||
| 2001 | Arthur Gander Memorial | ||||||
| 2001 | Goodwill Games | 4 | |||||
| 2001 | World Championships | 19 | |||||
| 2002 | American Cup | 4 | |||||
| 2002 | WOGA Classic | ||||||
| 2002 | Cottbus World Cup | 5 | 6 | ||||
| 2002 | Arthur Gander Memorial | ||||||
| 2002 | Asian Games | 5 | 4 | ||||
| 2002 | World Championships | 8 | 6 | ||||
| 2002 | World Cup Final | 5 | 4 | ||||
| 2003 | Cottbus World Cup | 4 | 4 | 5 | |||
| 2003 | DTB Cup | 6 | 6 | ||||
| 2003 | Arthur Gander Memorial | ||||||
| 2003 | Swiss Cup | ||||||
| 2003 | World Championships | ||||||
| 2004 | Cottbus World Cup | 6 | |||||
| 2004 | Olympic Games | 23 | |||||
| 2005 | Glasgow World Cup | 7 | 6 | ||||
| 2005 | São Paulo World Cup | 7 | 5 | ||||
| 2005 | World Championships | ||||||
| 2006 | Arthur Gander Memorial | ||||||
| 2006 | Stuttgart World Cup | ||||||
| 2006 | Moscow World Cup | ||||||
| 2006 | Ghent World Cup | 4 | 5 | ||||
| 2006 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2006 | World Championships | 9 | |||||
| 2006 | Swiss Cup | ||||||
| 2007 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2007 | European Championships | 6 | 6 | ||||
| 2007 | German Championships | ||||||
| 2007 | World Championships | 6 | |||||
| 2007 | Stuttgart World Cup | ||||||
| 2007 | Moscow World Cup | ||||||
| 2007 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2007 | Swiss Cup | ||||||
| 2008 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2008 | 2008 European [Women's Artistic Gymnastics Championships|European Championships] | 7 | 6 | ||||
| 2008 | German Championships | ||||||
| 2008 | Doha World Cup | 6 | |||||
| 2008 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2008 | Olympic Games | 9 | |||||
| 2010 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2010 | Moscow World Cup | ||||||
| 2010 | European Championships | 12 | |||||
| 2010 | SUI-GER-ROU Friendly | ||||||
| 2010 | World Championships | ||||||
| 2011 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2011 | SUI-GER-ROU Friendly | ||||||
| 2011 | European Championships | ||||||
| 2011 | World Championships | 6 | |||||
| 2012 | German Championships | 16 | |||||
| 2012 | European Championships | 8 | |||||
| 2012 | Olympic Games | 5 | |||||
| 2012 | Stuttgart World Cup | ||||||
| 2012 | Toyota International | 4 | 6 | 4 | |||
| 2012 | GER-GBR-ROU Friendly | ||||||
| 2013 | Internationaux de France | ||||||
| 2013 | La Roche-sur-Yon World Cup | ||||||
| 2013 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2013 | Gym Festival Trnava | ||||||
| 2013 | Anadia World Cup | ||||||
| 2013 | World Championships | 5 | |||||
| 2013 | Mexican Open | ||||||
| 2014 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2014 | 2014 Asian Games|Asian Games] | 5 | |||||
| 2014 | Joaquin Blume Memorial | 5 | |||||
| 2014 | Mexican Open | 8 | 4 | 4 | |||
| 2015 | Houston National Invitational | ||||||
| 2015 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2015 | Ljubljana World Cup | ||||||
| 2015 | Varna World Cup | 8 | 4 | ||||
| 2015 | World Championships | 13 | |||||
| 2015 | Toyota International | 7 | 5 | 6 | |||
| 2016 | Houston National Invitational | ||||||
| 2016 | WOGA Classic | ||||||
| 2016 | Baku World Challenge Cup | 8 | |||||
| 2016 | Cottbus World Challenge Cup | 6 | 4 | ||||
| 2016 | Olympic Test Event | 45 | |||||
| 2016 | Mersin World Challenge Cup | 4 | |||||
| 2016 | Olympic Games | 7 | |||||
| 2016 | 2nd Bundesliga | 5 | |||||
| 2016 | Mexican Open | ||||||
| 2017 | International Gymnix | 6 | |||||
| 2017 | Baku World Cup | ||||||
| 2017 | Doha World Cup | 8 | |||||
| 2017 | Islamic Solidarity Games | 5 | |||||
| 2017 | Szombathely Challenge Cup | 6 | |||||
| 2017 | Paris Challenge Cup | 4 | |||||
| 2017 | World Championships | 5 | |||||
| 2017 | 2nd Bundesliga | ||||||
| 2017 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2017 | Voronin Cup | ||||||
| 2018 | Houston National Invitational | ||||||
| 2018 | Baku World Cup | ||||||
| 2018 | Doha World Cup | ||||||
| 2018 | Osijek Challenge Cup | ||||||
| 2018 | Asian Games | ||||||
| 2018 | Paris Challenge Cup | ||||||
| 2018 | World Championships | 4 | |||||
| 2018 | Arthur Gander Memorial | 8 | |||||
| 2018 | Swiss Cup | 5 | |||||
| 2018 | Cottbus World Cup | 5 | |||||
| 2019 | Melbourne World Cup | 8 | |||||
| 2019 | Baku World Cup | ||||||
| 2019 | Doha World Cup | 5 | |||||
| 2019 | Zhaoqing Challenge Cup | ||||||
| 2019 | Korea Cup | 4 | |||||
| 2019 | Paris Challenge Cup | ||||||
| 2019 | World Championships | 12 | |||||
| 2021 | Varna Challenge Cup | ||||||
| 2021 | Doha World Cup | ||||||
| 2021 | Olympic Games | 14 | |||||
| 2022 | Doha World Cup | ||||||
| 2022 | Cairo World Cup | ||||||
| 2022 | Baku World Cup | ||||||
| 2022 | Asian Championships | 6 | 5 | ||||
| 2022 | Islamic Solidarity Games | 9 | |||||
| 2023 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2023 | Doha World Cup | ||||||
| 2023 | Baku World Cup | ||||||
| 2023 | Cairo World Cup | 8 | |||||
| 2023 | Asian Championships | 7 | 16 | ||||
| 2023 | Mersin Challenge Cup | ||||||
| 2023 | Asian Games | 4 | |||||
| 2024 | Cottbus World Cup | 6 | |||||
| 2024 | Antalya Challenge Cup | ||||||
| 2024 | Doha World Cup | 5 | |||||
| 2025 | Cottbus World Cup | ||||||
| 2025 | Baku World Cup | ||||||
| 2025 | Antalya World Cup | 5 | |||||
| 2025 | Doha World Cup | 6 | |||||
| 2025 | Cairo World Cup | 6 | |||||
| 2025 | Asian Championships | ||||||
| 2025 | Tashkent World Challenge Cup |
Year-end world rankings
Vault
2010: #92011: #1
2013: #1
2015: #1
Beam
2010: #282013: #24
2015: #45