New Caledonian Armed Forces

The New Caledonian Armed Forces is the name by which the French armed forces based in New Caledonia are referred to and also is a subdivision of the French armed forces.

Command

The FANC is commanded by the Commanding Officer FANC, who is under the command of the Chief of the Defence Staff. The Commanding officer is usually a Brigade general. The command is headquartered in Nouméa.

Composition

The forces number 1750 from the 3 branches of the armed forces of which 1200 are permanent.

Army: The Pacific Marine Infantry Regiment has 3 bases. About 80 percent of the 700-member regiment is composed of soldiers on short-term deployments from metropolitan France. As of 2018, only about 30 personnel in the regiment were locally recruited.
Navy: Based at the Pointe Chalaix Naval Base, the flagship is Vendémiaire. Other elements of the naval contingent include: the patrol and support vessel D'Entrecasteaux and Auguste Benebig, the lead ship of the Félix Éboué class of patrol vessels. One EDA-S landing craft is also deployed to support operations in the territory. The French Navy will further reinforce its offshore patrol capabilities in New Caledonia by deploying a second vessel of the Félix Éboué-class to the territory by 2026.
Air Force and Naval Aviation: Based at the Paul Klein Air Base. As of 2025/26, French naval aviation and air force elements in New Caledonia included two Navy Falcon 200 Gardian maritime surveillance aircraft, which, as of 2025/26 are being replaced, on an interim basis, by the more advanced Falcon 50 aircraft. These aircraft will in turn be superseded by the new Falcon 2000 Albatros starting in about 2030. Two Casa CN235 transport aircraft and three Puma helicopters from the Air Force's 52 "Tontouta" Squadron are also deployed in New Caledonia. Prior to 2022, the frigate Vendémiaire operated the Alouette III helicopter. However, with the retirement of the type in 2022, it is being replaced by the Eurocopter Dauphin N3. In 2022, the French Air Force demonstrated a capacity to reinforce the territory by deploying three Rafale fighters, supported by A400M transport aircraft and A330 MRTT Phénix tankers, from France to New Caledonia for a three-week exercise.

Responsibilities

National defence and security
Protection of France's regional interests
Support state policies in New Caledonia and Wallis et Futuna.
Rescue missions
Aid and cooperation with other states in the region

Gendarmerie nationale

The paramilitary police has its own command structure. Some 855 personnel from the National Gendarmerie are stationed on the archipelago divided into 4 companies, 27 brigades and several specialized and mobile Gendarmerie units. During periods such the 2021 referendum on independence, these forces have been significantly reinforced with personnel deployed from metropolitan France. The air component includes two Écureuil helicopters while the Maritime Gendarmerie deploys the patrol boat Dumbea (P606) in the territory.