Neritidae
Neritidae, common name the nerites, is a family of small to medium-sized saltwater and freshwater snails which have a gill and a distinctive operculum.
The family Neritidae includes marine genera such as Nerita, marine and freshwater genera such as Neritina, and freshwater and brackish water genera such as Theodoxus.
The common name "nerite" as well as the family name Neritidae and the genus name Nerita, are derived from the name of Nerites, who was a sea god in Greek mythology.
Distribution
Neritidae live primarily in the southern hemisphere, but there are some exceptions, such as a genus Theodoxus which can be found in Europe and Northern Africa or Bathynerita naticoidea.Taxonomy
This family consists of the five following subfamilies :- Neritinae Rafinesque, 1815 - synonyms: Neritellinae Gray, 1847; Proto neritidae Kittl, 1899
- † Neritariinae Wenz, 1938
- Neritininae Poey, 1852
- * tribe Neritinini Poey, 1852 - synonyms: Catilinae Gray, 1868; Orthopomatini Gray, 1868; Stenopomatini Gray, 1868; Septariini Jousseaume, 1894
- * tribe Theodoxini Bandel, 2001
- Smaragdiinae H. B. Baker, 1923
- † Velatinae Bandel, 2001
Genera
Genera, subgenera and species within the family Neritidae include:- † Bajanerita Squires, 1993
- † Calyptronerita Le Renard, 1980
- † Cuisenerita Symonds & Pacaud, 2010
- † Mesoneritina Yen, 1946
- † Monsneritina Kowalke, 2002
- Genus Bathynerita Clarke, 1989
- Genus Mienerita Dekker, 2000
- Genus Nerita Linnaeus, 1758 - type genus, synonyms: Turrita Wagner, 1897
- *Subgenus Adenerita
- *Subgenus Amphinerita
- *Subgenus Cymostyla
- *Subgenus Heminerita
- *Subgenus Ilynerita
- *Subgenus Linnerita
- *Subgenus Melanerita Martens, 1889
- **Species Nerita atramentosa Reeve, 1855
- **Species Nerita melanotragus Smith, E. A., 1884
- *Subgenus Nerita
- *Subgenus Ritena
- *Subgenus Theliostyla
- † Neritaria Koken, 1892
- Clithon Montfort, 1810
- Clypeolum Récluz, 1842
- Fluvinerita Pilsbry, 1932
- * Fluvinerita tenebricosa
- † Manana Gabuniya, 1949
- † Mananopsis Gabuniya, 1949
- Nereina de Cristofori & Jan, 1832
- Neripteron Lesson, 1831
- * Neripteron vespertinum
- Neritina Rafinesque, 1815
- *Subgenus Dostia
- † Neritinopsis Gabuniya, 1953
- Neritodryas Martens, 1869
- Neritona Martens, 1869
- † Neritoplica Oppenheim, 1892
- Puperita Gray, 1857
- Septaria Férussac, 1807
- † Superior Francois, 1953
- Theodoxus Montfort, 1810
- † Velatella Meek, 1873
- Vitta Mörch, 1852
- Vittina H. B. Baker, 1923
- Genus Gaillardotia Bourguignat, 1877
- Genus Magadis Melvill & Standen, 1899
- Genus Smaragdella Baker, 1923
- Genus Smaragdia Issel, 1869
- Genus Smaragoista
- † Velates Montfort, 1810
Synonyms
- † Agapilia Harzhauser & Kowalke, 2001 : synonym of Vitta Mörch, 1852
- Navicella Lamarck, 1816: synonym of Septaria Férussac, 1807
- † Ninniopsis Tomlin, 1930: synonym of † Theodoxus Tomlin, 1930 represented as Theodoxus Montfort, 1810
- Orthopoma Gray, 1868: synonym of Septaria Férussac, 1807
- Orthopomatini Gray, 1868: synonym of Neritininae Poey, 1852
- Paranerita Bourne, 1908: synonym of Vittina H. B. Baker, 1923
- Pseudonerita H. B. Baker, 1923: synonym of Neripteron H. B. Baker, 1923 represented as Neripteron Lesson, 1831
- Serenia Benson, 1856: synonym of Neritona Martens, 1869
- Tanalia Gray, 1847: synonym of Neritona Martens, 1869
- Theodoxia Bourguignat, 1877: synonym of Theodoxus Montfort, 1810
- Theodoxis Montfort, 1810: synonym of Theodoxus Montfort, 1810