Neritidae
Neritidae, common name the nerites, is a family of small to medium-sized saltwater and freshwater snails which have a gill and a distinctive operculum.
The family Neritidae includes marine genera such as Nerita, marine and freshwater genera such as Neritina, and freshwater and brackish water genera such as Theodoxus.
The common name "nerite" as well as the family name Neritidae and the genus name Nerita, are derived from the name of Nerites, who was a sea god in Greek mythology.
Distribution
Neritidae live primarily in the southern hemisphere, but there are some exceptions, such as a genus Theodoxus which can be found in Europe and Northern Africa or Bathynerita naticoidea.Taxonomy
This family consists of the five following subfamilies :- Neritinae Rafinesque, 1815 - synonyms: Neritellinae Gray, 1847; Proto neritidae Kittl, 1899
- † Neritariinae Wenz, 1938
- Neritininae Poey, 1852
- * tribe Neritinini Poey, 1852 - synonyms: Catilinae Gray, 1868; Orthopomatini Gray, 1868; Stenopomatini Gray, 1868; Septariini Jousseaume, 1894
- * tribe Theodoxini Bandel, 2001
- Smaragdiinae H. B. Baker, 1923
- † Velatinae Bandel, 2001
Genera
Genera, subgenera and species within the family Neritidae include:- † Bajanerita Squires, 1993
- † Calyptronerita Le Renard, 1980
- † Cuisenerita Symonds & Pacaud, 2010
- † Mesoneritina Yen, 1946
- † Monsneritina Kowalke, 2002
- Genus Bathynerita Clarke, 1989
- Genus Mienerita Dekker, 2000
- Genus Nerita Linnaeus, 1758 - type genus, synonyms: Turrita Wagner, 1897
- *Subgenus Adenerita
- *Subgenus Amphinerita
- *Subgenus Cymostyla
- *Subgenus Heminerita
- *Subgenus Ilynerita
- *Subgenus Linnerita
- *Subgenus Melanerita Martens, 1889
- **Species Nerita atramentosa Reeve, 1855
- **Species Nerita melanotragus Smith, E. A., 1884
- *Subgenus Nerita
- *Subgenus Ritena
- *Subgenus Theliostyla
- † Neritaria Koken, 1892
- * Fluvinerita tenebricosa
- † Manana Gabuniya, 1949
- † Mananopsis Gabuniya, 1949 Nereina de Cristofori & Jan, 1832Neripteron Lesson, 1831
- * Neripteron vespertinum Neritina Rafinesque, 1815
- *Subgenus Dostia
- † Neritinopsis Gabuniya, 1953 Neritodryas Martens, 1869Neritona Martens, 1869
- † Neritoplica Oppenheim, 1892 Puperita Gray, 1857Septaria Férussac, 1807
- † Superior Francois, 1953Theodoxus Montfort, 1810
- † Velatella Meek, 1873 Vitta Mörch, 1852Vittina H. B. Baker, 1923
- Genus Gaillardotia Bourguignat, 1877
- Genus Magadis Melvill & Standen, 1899
- Genus Smaragdella Baker, 1923
- Genus Smaragdia Issel, 1869
- Genus Smaragoista
- † Velates Montfort, 1810
Synonyms
- † Agapilia Harzhauser & Kowalke, 2001 : synonym of Vitta Mörch, 1852Navicella Lamarck, 1816: synonym of Septaria Férussac, 1807
- † Ninniopsis Tomlin, 1930: synonym of † Theodoxus Tomlin, 1930 represented as Theodoxus Montfort, 1810 Orthopoma Gray, 1868: synonym of Septaria Férussac, 1807Orthopomatini Gray, 1868: synonym of Neritininae Poey, 1852Paranerita Bourne, 1908: synonym of Vittina H. B. Baker, 1923 Pseudonerita H. B. Baker, 1923: synonym of Neripteron H. B. Baker, 1923 represented as Neripteron Lesson, 1831Serenia Benson, 1856: synonym of Neritona Martens, 1869 Tanalia Gray, 1847: synonym of Neritona Martens, 1869Theodoxia Bourguignat, 1877: synonym of Theodoxus Montfort, 1810 Theodoxis Montfort, 1810: synonym of Theodoxus Montfort, 1810