Neorealism (art)
In art, neorealism refers to a few movements.
In literature
Portuguese neorealism was a Marxist literary movement that began slightly before Salazar’s regime.It was mostly in line with socialist realism.In Italy, neorealism was a movement that emerged in the end of 1920s and started rapidly developing after World War II. It was represented by such authors as Alberto Moravia, Ignazio Silone, Elio Vittorini, Carlo Levi, Vasco Pratolini and others.
In painting
In Britain, neo-realism in painting was established by the ex-Camden Town Group painters Charles Ginner and Harold Gilman at the beginning of World War I. They set out to explore the spirit of their age through the shapes and colours of daily life. Their intentions were proclaimed in Ginner's manifesto in New Age, which was also used as the preface to Gilman and Ginner's two-man exhibition of that year. It attacked the academic and warned against the ‘decorative’ aspect of imitators of Post-Impressionism. The best examples of neorealist work is that produced by these two artists; Howard Kanovitz and also Robert Bevan. For Robert Bevan he joined Cumberland Market Group in 1914.Artists
- Howard Kanovitz - Vernissage, 1967 - Cologne, Museum Ludwig
- Chuck Close - Linda 1975/76 Akron, Akron Art Museum
- Stanley Spencer - Seated Nude, 1942
In cinema
Neorealism is characterized by a general atmosphere of authenticity. André Bazin, a French film theorist and critic, argued that neorealism portrays: truth, naturalness, authenticity, and is a cinema of duration. The necessary characteristics of neo-realism in film include:- a definite social context;
- a sense of historical actuality and immediacy;
- political commitment to progressive social change;
- authentic on-location shooting as opposed to the artificial studio;
- a rejection of classical Hollywood acting styles; extensive use of non-professional actors as much as possible;
- a documentary style of cinematography.
Films
Precursors- Land Without Bread
- 1860 An Inn in Tokyo Toni Aniki-Bóbó People of the Mountains Ossessione Saltimbancos
Other countriesLowly City Drunken Angel Stray Dog Los Olvidados Surcos Ikiru Nagarik Tokyo Story Two Acres of Land Salt of the Earth Newspaper Boy The Apu Trilogy
- Death of a Cyclist Cairo Station The Runaway The 400 Blows The Beginning and the End
- Los golfos Nothing But a Man Jeanne Dielman, 23 Quai du Commerce, 1080 Bruxelles Killer of Sheep Pixote The Stolen Children Yol Salaam Bombay! Veronico Cruz American Me Children of Heaven Satya The City (La Ciudad) Not One Less Rosetta The Circle (Dayereh) Amores perros Bolivia Lilja 4-Ever Cidade de Deus Carandiru Familia rodante Machuca The Death of Mr. Lazarescu L'Enfant Man Push Cart Half Nelson Still Life 4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days Chop Shop Ballast Frozen River Involuntary Lorna's Silence Wendy and Lucy Fish Tank Goodbye Solo Sin Nombre Treeless Mountain Winter's Bone 0-41*
- ''En el séptimo día''