Natal free-tailed bat


The Natal free-tailed bat is a species of bat in the family Molossidae, the free-tailed bats. It is endemic to the island of Mauritius. It is known from fewer than five locations in its range, but it is common at a few sites. It roosts in caves, and it is considered to be an endangered species due to disturbance of its cave habitat.

Taxonomy and etymology

It was described as a new species in 1804 by French naturalist Johann Hermann. Hermann placed it in the genus Vespertilio. In 2008, the Natal free-tailed bat was split into two taxa with the description of a new species, Mormopterus francoismoutoui. The species is called the "Natal" free-tailed bat because of another species Hermann described, Dysopes natalensis, named after the Natal Province of South Africa.
Dysopes natalensis was later synonymized with the Natal free-tailed bat. Its species name "acetabulosus" is Latin for saucer-shaped.

Description

The Natal free-tailed bat is a very small species of bat. Its upper lip is very wrinkled. Its ears are small and connected in the back by a thin interaural membrane. Males have a sebaceous gland, as with some other free-tailed bats, but they do not have an interaural crest. Its dental formula is for a total of 30 teeth.

Range and habitat

It is endemic to Mauritius. There is one "doubtful" record from Madagascar and two records from South Africa which may be vagrants.

Conservation

As of 2017, it is listed as endangered by the IUCN. From 1999-2017, its population likely declined by more than 80%. Its caves are being disturbed for tourism.