Nanovirus


Nanovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Nanoviridae. Legume plants serve as natural hosts. There are 12 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: stunting, severe necrosis and early plant death.

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:Nanovirus astragali, Milk vetch dwarf virusNanovirus astragalirani, Milk vetch chlorotic dwarf virusNanovirus flavipisi, Pea yellow stunt virusNanovirus flaviviciae, Faba bean yellow leaf virusNanovirus medicagonis, Black medic leaf roll virusNanovirus necroflaviviciae, Faba bean necrotic yellows virusNanovirus necropisi, Pea necrotic yellow dwarf virusNanovirus necropumiliviciae, Faba bean necrotic stunt virusNanovirus petroselini, Parsley severe stunt associated virusNanovirus sophorae, Sophora yellow stunt virusNanovirus trifolii, Subterranean clover stunt virusNanovirus viciacraccae, Cow vetch latent virus

Structure and genome

Virions in the genus Nanovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and round geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 18-19 nm.
The genome is multipartite, and the genome components are circular, around 1kb in length, essentially carry only one gene, and are individually encapsidated forming small icosahedral virions.
GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
NanovirusIcosahedralT=1Non-envelopedCircularSegmented

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and tubule-guided viral movement.
Legume plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector. Transmission routes are vector.
GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
NanovirusPlants: legumesPhloemViral movement; mechanical inoculationSecretion; viral movementNucleusNucleusAphids