Naina Devi Wildlife Sanctuary


Naina Devi Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area located in the Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh, India. Established in 1962, it spans over of forested terrain in the Shivalik range of the outer Himalayas. Its named after the Naina Devi temple.

Description

The sanctuary ranges in elevation from 500 m to 1,100 m, encompassing rugged hills and deep valleys dominated by sal and chir pine forests.

Flora

The sanctuary supports tropical and subtropical broadleaf forests. Dominant trees include sal, khair, tun, and chir pine. Flowering and fruit-bearing trees enhance habitat quality for wildlife.
A 2024 survey identified 108 forage plant species used by local communities grazing livestock within the sanctuary. Notable high-use taxa include Bauhinia variegata, Grewia optiva, Cassia fistula and Trifolium ''repens'', reflecting integration of traditional forage knowledge into local pastoral practices.

Fauna

The Sanctuary hosts leopards, barking deer, sambar, wild boar, Indian porcupine, and Himalayan black bear, among others.
As a designated Important Bird Area, Naina Devi supports over 200 bird species including the Indian paradise flycatcher, kalij pheasant, Himalayan bulbul, grey-headed canary flycatcher, and oriental turtle dove.

Conservation

The 2019 Wildlife Institute of India study raised concerns over unregulated tourism, habitat fragmentation, and firewood dependence, recommending controlled access, habitat demarcation, community eco-development initiatives, and integration of traditional grazing knowledge into management plans. Additionally, the 2024 forage documentation highlights the value of local forage species in sustaining livestock while maintaining ecosystem balance.

Tourism

Accessible via Swarghat–Bhakra road from Bilaspur, the sanctuary is best visited from October to May. Visitor entry is overseen by the Himachal Forest Department.