Mycolicibacterium
Mycolicibacterium is a genus of Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae from the order Mycobacteriales.
Members of Mycolicibacterium were demarcated from the larger genus Mycobacterium in 2018 by Gupta et al. based on evidence from various phylogenetic trees constructed based on conserved genome sequences, comparative genomic analyses and average amino acid identity values. In addition to this genus, the study proposed the division of Mycobacterium into a total of five distinct genera, which was met with some resistance by some of the scientific community. The resistance was based on the grounds that Mycobacterium contains some clinically relevant species and name changes might cause confusion among clinicians and other researchers.
In 2020, Yamada et al. analyzed the fundamental morphological properties of the new genera, including the cell diameter, cell length, cell perimeter, cell circularity and aspect ratio, and determined that there were significant differences between the five genera, thus supporting the new division.
The name Mycolicibacterium is derived from the Latin acidum mycolicum and the Latin noun bacterium from the Greek noun "bacteria". Together the name refers to a genus of mycolic acid containing rod-shaped bacteria.
Biochemical characteristics and molecular signatures
Source:Mycolicibacterium is a genus of rapidly-growing bacteria, taking less than seven days to form colonies. Members are also non-chromogenic, and are positive for the 3 day arylsulfatase activity test, nitrate reductase and iron uptake. Most species are saprophytic and are able to process decaying organic matter for nutrients. While members of this genus are not considered to be pathogenic, some species have been reported to cause infections and diseases. The genome size for Mycolicibacterium is between 3.95–8.0 Mbp and their G+C content is between 65.4–70.3 mol%.
Four conserved signature indels were identified through genomic analyses as uniquely present in this genus in the following proteins: LacI family transcriptional regulator, cyclase, CDP-diacylglycerol–glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase and CDP-diacylglycerol–serine O-phosphatidyltransferase. These CSIs serve as a reliable molecular means for distinguishing members of this Mycolicibacterium from other genera in the family Mycobacteriaceae and all other bacteria. Additionally, 10 unique conserved signature proteins were identified for this genus.
Species
Mycolicibacterium comprises the followings species:- "M. acapulense" Gupta et al. 2018M. agri Gupta et al. 2018M. aichiense Gupta et al. 2018M. alvei Gupta et al. 2018M. anyangense Gupta et al. 2018M. arabiense Gupta et al. 2018M. arcueilense Gupta et al. 2018M. aromaticivorans Gupta et al. 2018M. aubagnense Gupta et al. 2018M. aurum Gupta et al. 2018M. austroafricanum Gupta et al. 2018M. bacteremicum Gupta et al. 2018M. baixiangningiae Cheng et al. 2021M. boenickei Gupta et al. 2018M. brisbanense Gupta et al. 2018M. brumae Gupta et al. 2018M. canariasense Gupta et al. 2018M. celeriflavum Gupta et al. 2018M. chitae Gupta et al. 2018M. chlorophenolicum Gupta et al. 2018M. chubuense Gupta et al. 2018M. conceptionense Gupta et al. 2018M. confluentis Gupta et al. 2018M. cosmeticum Gupta et al. 2018M. crocinum Gupta et al. 2018M. diernhoferi Gupta et al. 2018M. doricum Gupta et al. 2018M. duvalii Gupta et al. 2018M. elephantis Gupta et al. 2018M. fallax Gupta et al. 2018M. farcinogenes Gupta et al. 2018M. flavescens Gupta et al. 2018M. fluoranthenivorans Gupta et al. 2018M. fortuitum Gupta et al. 2018M. frederiksbergense Gupta et al. 2018M. gadium Gupta et al. 2018M. gilvum Gupta et al. 2018
- "M. goodii" Gupta et al. 2018
- "M. gossypii" Huang et al. 2021M. hassiacum Gupta et al. 2018M. helvum Gupta et al. 2018M. hippocampi Gupta et al. 2018M. hodleri Gupta et al. 2018M. holsaticum Gupta et al. 2018M. houstonense Gupta et al. 2018M. insubricum Gupta et al. 2018M. iranicum Gupta et al. 2018
- "M. komanii" Gupta et al. 2018 M. komossense Gupta et al. 2018M. litorale Gupta et al. 2018M. llatzerense Gupta et al. 2018M. lutetiense Gupta et al. 2018M. madagascariense Gupta et al. 2018M. mageritense Gupta et al. 2018M. malmesburyense Gupta et al. 2018M. mengxianglii Cheng et al. 2021M. monacense Gupta et al. 2018
- "M. montmartrense" Gupta et al. 2018M. moriokaense Gupta et al. 2018M. mucogenicum Gupta et al. 2018M. murale Gupta et al. 2018M. neoaurum Gupta et al. 2018M. neworleansense Gupta et al. 2018M. nivoides Dahl et al. 2021M. novocastrense Gupta et al. 2018M. obuense Gupta et al. 2018M. oryzae Gupta et al. 2018M. pallens Gupta et al. 2018M. parafortuitum Gupta et al. 2018M. peregrinum Gupta et al. 2018M. phlei Gupta et al. 2018M. phocaicum Gupta et al. 2018M. porcinum Gupta et al. 2018M. poriferae Gupta et al. 2018M. psychrotolerans Gupta et al. 2018M. pulveris Gupta et al. 2018M. pyrenivorans Gupta et al. 2018M. rhodesiae Gupta et al. 2018M. rufum Gupta et al. 2018M. rutilum Gupta et al. 2018M. sarraceniae Gupta et al. 2018M. sediminis Gupta et al. 2018M. senegalense Gupta et al. 2018M. septicum Gupta et al. 2018M. setense Gupta et al. 2018M. smegmatis Gupta et al. 2018M. sphagni Gupta et al. 2018M. stellerae Nouioui et al. 2019M. thermoresistibile Gupta et al. 2018M. tokaiense Gupta et al. 2018M. tusciae Gupta et al. 2018M. vaccae Gupta et al. 2018
- "M. vinylchloridicum" Cortes-Albayay et al. 2021M. vulneris Gupta et al. 2018M. wolinskyi Gupta et al. 2018