Ministry of Public Security Active Service Forces


Ministry of Public Security Active Services Forces was a term referring to three separate agencies under the command of the Ministry of Public Security however were composed of People's Armed Police personnel. Its name comes from the fact that since the personnel were considered PAP personnel, they were treated as active service military personnel. After the Deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions in 2018, Border Defense Corps and Guard Corps personnel became People's Police personnel, while the China Fire Services were merged with the and became the China Fire and Rescue, making the use of the term defunct.

Border Defense Corps

Prior to the 2018 People's Armed Police reform, the, more commonly known as the Ministry of Public Security Border Defense Corps, was formerly China's primary border patrol agency. Its jobs were primarily intended to prevent drug trafficking, illegal immigration and smuggling. When it was active, The Border Defense Corps was under the command of the defunct.
The People's Armed Police Border Defense corps was officially disbanded on December 25, 2018.
After the 2018 reform, the border defense corps was disbanded and transferred to the National immigration Administration, with its officers switching from being People's Armed Police to People's Police. From 1980 to the transferral of the Border Defense Corps, a total of 86 units and 519 personnel were awarded 1st class meritorious service medals, 411 units and 4614 personnel were awarded 2nd class meritorious service medals and 179 personnel were awarded martyr status.

History

The Tianjin Border Defense Corps can trace its lineage back to March 1949, when the Tianjin Pier Inspection group and Port inspection group were established.
The Border Defense Armed Police was established in November 1949 as part of the Ministry of Public Security.
In January 1980, the Border Defense Armed Police was renamed to the People's Armed Police Border Defense Corps.
On June 19, 1982, the Border Defense Corps was handed to the newly established People's Armed Police. In August 1985, the Border Defense Corps was moved under the control of the Ministry of Public Security, however it was continued to be composed of PAP personnel.
Out of six PAP personnel killed during the 1990 Barin uprising, four were Border Defense Corps personnel, including Lt. Col. Xu Xinjian.
Sixteen personnel of the Border Defense Corps were killed in the 2008 Kashgar attack.
Between September 18 and September 19, 2011, the Yadong Battalion and Yadong Border Checkpoint of the Border Defense Corps deployed 90 personnel, 11 vehicles and 30 tents to assist with disaster relief after the 2011 Sikkim Earthquake.
In the aftermath of the April 2015 Nepal earthquake 21 officers of the Gyirong Border Checkpoint had all access routes cut off for 12 days, where they remained to provide disaster relief and assisted in helicopter evacuations of civilians on the 28th of April. During the same earthquake, Private Zhang Gaoyong of the Nyalam Border Checkpoint Patrol company was heavily injured while attempting to use his body as a human shield against incoming rocks to protect a child. He later recovered from his injuries.
On January 29, 2016, after receiving shared intel from the HKPF of a panama-registered cargo ship named Fuyun smuggling frozen meat off the coast of Mirs Bay, the Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment Longgang Battalion deployed 2 speedboats and successfully intercepted the Fuyun, boarding and seizing the ship and bringing it to Nan'ao Subdistrict. A total of 13 foreign sailors from Indonesia and Myanmar, the Burmese captain and 7 Chinese sailors were arrested. A total of 71 boxes with 2219 tonnes of smuggled frozen meat was seized, with a total worth of approximately 200 million RMB. An investigation ruled that the smuggled meat was headed towards Shantou, and that much of the meat was passed its expiry date or had diseases; The seizing of the "Fuyun" was the largest seizure of smuggled meat by the Guangdong Border Defense Corps in 10 years.
On January 16, 2017, the 1st Mobile Company, Honghe Border Defense Corps was deployed to fight bandits engaging in extortion along the highway between Mengzi and Hekou, resulting in a shootout where Border Defense PFC Zhang Hao was shot multiple times. All bandits were apprehended, along with two improvised firearms and three nail guns confiscated.
In 2018 when the Border Defense Corps was disbanded, 20 units and 31 personnel of the Guangdong Border Defense Corps received honorary titles, along with 21 units and 82 personnel receiving 1st Class Meritorious Service Medals and 18 personnel achieving martyr status.

Inter-agency cooperation

The Border Defense Corps previously had intel sharing with local, the HKPF, the along with local Public Security Bureau Public Order units.
On September 23, 2009, the Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment conducted a joint anti-hijacking exercise with the HKPF. In the process, a crew member from the Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment fell into the water. Border Defense officers Liu Cheng, Shen Weixiong and Qiu Wenliang attempted to save the crew member which resulted in the 3 border defense officers being killed by the propeller. Qiu's body was found 3 days later, and on September 28 all 3 officers were given Martyr status.
International cooperation
The Border Defense Corps has also been deployed in UN Peacekeeping operations. Between 2006 and 2018, the Border Defense Corps was deployed in peacekeeping 10 times, with a total of 1325 officers being deployed for peacekeeping.
In November 27–28 of 2011, the Guangxi Border Defense Corps had a meeting and signed a treaty with the Vietnam Border Guard's Lạng Sơn, Cao Bằng and Quảng Ninh provincial commands regarding cooperation against international crime and illegally crossing borders.

War on drugs in the China-Myanmar border by the Border Defense Corps

The Border Defense Corps has a history of intercepting armed incursions by drug traffickers on the China-Myanmar border, especially due to smuggling routes across the Shweli River. On August 2, 1997, Border Defense officer Corporal Yin Mingzhi was stabbed by a drug trafficker during an undercover sting operation in Longchuan County near the China-Myanmar Border, dying of his wounds a day later.
The Dehong Border Defense detachment's Mukang Border Checkpoint on G320 between Dehong and Baoshan, established in 1978, is one of the most decorated Chinese border checkpoints, receiving 7 Meritorious Service medals, 8 2nd class Meritorious Service medals and 9 3rd class meritorious service medals. On August 3, 2001, it was given the honorary title of "Anti-Narcotics Pioneer checkpoint" by the State council due to seizing some of the most drugs out of all Chinese border checkpoints. In 2018, it was handed to the NIA; between 2001 and 2021, the checkpoint handled over 8000 narcotics cases and 926 smuggling cases, arrested over 5500 suspects, and seizing a total of over 5.26 tonnes of drugs, 650 tonnes of improvised drug injection needles, 12 firearms, 170 rounds of ammunition and 59.22 million RMB of smuggled goods.
On March 25, 2007, officers of the Border Defense Corps were ambushed by ten armed drug traffickers with sub-machine guns and grenades, killing officers 2nd Lieutenant Gan Zurong, Major Bai Jiangang and Captain Xu Shengqian.
On August 22, 2011, and October 22, 2011, Border Defense Corps K9 Handler Private Yao Yuanjun and Political Commissar Major Chen Shihua drowned while engaging in melee fighting with drug traffickers in separate incidents, respectively. Private Yao Yuanjun's K9 "Big Wolf" became a center of a lot of attention on Chinese Social Media after he was filmed on national TV wandering around training grounds, unaware his handler had died.

Organization

Each coastal/border province-level subdivision or direct-administered municipality would have had a border defense Corps, every border/coastal prefecture-level division would have a border defense detachment, every border/coastal county level subdivision would have a border defense battalion; Township level subdivisions would each have a border defense police station. Prior to the establishment of the CCG in 2013, there would also be flotillas and squadrons. The Border Defense Corps additionally operated checkpoints on roads heading towards border crossings along with border checkpoints.
  • Shanghai Border Defense Corps - Merged with Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau Ports Subbureau to become the
  • Tianjin Border Defense Corps - Now Tianjin General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier inspection
  • Chongqing Border Defense Corps - Now Chongqing General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Hebei Border Defense Corps - Now Hebei General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Shanxi Border Defense Corps - Now Shanxi General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Jilin Border Defense Corps - Now Jilin General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Liaoning Border Defense Corps - Now Liaoning General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Heilongjiang Border Defense Corps - Now Heilongjiang General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Shaanxi Border Defense Corps - Now Shaanxi General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Gansu Border Defense Corps - Now Gansu General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Qinghai Border Defense Corps - Now Qinghai General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Shandong Border Defense Corps - Now Shandong General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • - Now Xiamen Entry and Exit Border Inspection Station
  • Zhejiang Border Defense Corps - Now Zhejiang General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Henan Border Defense Corps - Now Henan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Hubei Border Defense Corps - Now Hubei General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Hunan Border Defense Corps - Now Hunan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Jiangxi Border Defense Corps - Now Jiangxi General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Jiangsu Border Defense Corps - Now Jiangsu General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Anhui Border Defense Corps - Now Anhui General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Guangdong Border Defense Corps - Now Guangzhou General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Hainan Border Defense Corps - Now Hainan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Sichuan Border Defense Corps - Now Sichuan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Guizhou Border Defense Corps - Now Guizhou General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Yunnan Border Defense Corps - Now Yunnan General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Inner Mongolia Border Defense Corps - Now Inner Mongolia General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Xinjiang Border Defense Corps - Now Xinjiang General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Ningxia Border Defense Corps - Now Ningxia General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Guangxi Border Defense Corps - Now Guangxi General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection
  • Tibet Border Defense Corps - Now Tibet General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection

Special operations units

Snowy Eagle Female Special Service team

In April 2012, the Xinjiang Border Defense Corps Female Special Service team was founded. In March 2015 it was renamed to the "Snowy Eagle Female Special Service team" at the Xinjiang Border Corps Training Base. At its founding in 2012, it only had 6 members, and by March 2015 it had 34 members. It assisted in security at the China Eurasia Expo multiple times.

Maritime Special Service team

The Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment operated the, a police tactical unit which is dedicated to maritime anti-terrorism, search and rescue, combat diving and VBSS.
It was established on August 18, 2008, and initially consisted of only 20+ members. The unit often conducts joint exercises with the HKPF Marine Region, and also received training from the.
Training
The Maritime Special Service Team's training requirements include swimming 3000 meters with full gear, running 5000 meters, 200 push ups, sit ups and squats.

Guard Corps

Prior to the 2018 reform, the, officially known as the People's Armed Police Guard Corps was a branch of the People's Armed Police. After the 2018 reform, the Guard Corps were disbanded and re-organized into the on January 1, 2019. Provincial Guard Corps units were also renamed to Guard Bureaus of provincial Public Security Departments. Similar to the Border Defense Corps and the, the Guard Corps were under the command of the however its personnel were part of the PAP.
The Guard Corps were responsible for roles such as VIP protection, protecting important conferences along with provincial government leaders.

History

Guard Corps personnel became part of the PAP on March 23, 1984.
The Guard Corps were responsible for protecting the World Conference on Women 1995, the handover of Hong Kong, the 50th anniversary of the People's Republic of China, the Handover of Macau, the 2006 FOCAC summit, the 2008 Beijing Olympics, 60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China, the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, APEC China 2014, the 2015 China Victory Day Parade, the 2016 G20 Hangzhou summit and the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

Organization

Before 2018, each province had its own Guard Corps Corps, which was under the Guards Bureau of the provincial Public Security Department. This was converted into Provincial Special Service Bureaus under the Provincial Public Security Department

China Fire Services

The , officially known as the Ministry of Public Security Firefighting Corps or the People's Armed Police Firefighting Corps in Chinese was China's primary firefighting agency prior to the 2018 reforms. After 2018, the China Fire Services was merged with the to form the National Fire and Rescue Administration. China Fire Services personnel were part of PAP however the China Fire Services were organizationally speaking of the now defunct. On October 10, 2018, the CFS was disbanded.

History

20 CFS firefighters died putting out the 2003 Hengyang fire.
The China Fire Services were the first responders to the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake. By May 18, 2008, the China Fire Services rescued 5796 people stuck under rubble, provided aid to 259 injured people, recovered the bodies of 639 bodies, provided relief to 3759 people who were stuck and evacuated 47152 more people and transported 705.3 tonnes of aid.
On June 27, 2012, in the China Fire Services Wuhai Fire Department's Wuda District 2nd Company, 8 older firefighters continuously beat and verbally abused 5 new firefighters as part of a hazing ritual. The footage was leaked onto Weibo on December 9, 2013, sparking public outrage; this incident is often referred to as the.
On January 2, 2015, 5 firefighters of the China Fire Services Harbin Fire Department died during the.
During the 2015 Tianjin explosions on August 12, 2015, the China Fire Services Tianjin Fire Department lost a total of 24 firefighters and had 69 more injured.

Organization

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Equipment

Firearms/Individual weapons

Vehicles

Helicopters

Vessels

  • Haijing 1001 cutter - part of the Border Defense Corps Shanghai Corps Coast Guard Flotilla, transferred to China Coast Guard
  • Haijing 015 cutter - part of the Border Defense Coast guard
  • Hufengxiao 01 fireboat - part of the Jinshan Fire Department
  • Gongbian 44101 - Part of Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment
  • Gongbian 44102 - Part of Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment
  • Gongbian 44104 - Part of Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment
  • Gongbian 44110 - Part of Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment
  • Gongbian 44113 - Part of Shenzhen Border Defense Detachment